The title given to a person who rules because of the permission given by another country. Ethnarch was a position below a king but above a tetrarch or governor. Three ethnarchs ruled in Palestine:
Simon, during the Maccabean period (1 Maccabees 14:47)
Archelaus in the time of Jesus (Matthew 2:22)
Another in Damascus during the life of the apostle Paul (2 Corinthians 11:32)