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Περὶ
Peri
Concerning
preposition
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
τῶν
tōn
the
definite article · genitive
χρόνων
chronōn
times
noun · genitive
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
τῶν
tōn
the
definite article · genitive
καιρῶν
kairōn
seasons
noun · genitive
ἀδελφοί
adelphoi
brothers
noun · vocative
οὐ
ou
no
negative particle
χρείαν
chreian
need
noun · accusative
ἔχετε
echete
you have
verb · present · indicative
ὑμῖν
humin
to you
personal pronoun · dative
γράφεσθαι
graphesthai
to be written
verb · present · infinitive
Now about the times and seasons, brothers, we do not need to write to you.
αὐτοὶ
autoi
Yourselves
personal pronoun · nominative
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
ἀκριβῶς
akribōs
fully
adverb
οἴδατε
oidate
you know
verb · perfect · indicative
ὅτι
hoti
that
conjunction
ἡ
hē
the
definite article · nominative
ἡμέρα
hēmera
day
noun · nominative
κυρίου
kuriou
of [the] Lord
noun · genitive
ὡς
hōs
as
particle or disjunctive
κλέπτης
kleptēs
a thief
noun · nominative
ἐν
en
by
preposition
νυκτὶ
nukti
night
noun · dative
οὕτως
houtōs
in this manner
adverb
ἔρχεται
erchetai
comes
verb · present · indicative
For you are fully aware that the Day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night.
ὅταν
hotan
when
conjunction
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
λέγωσιν
legōsin
they may say
verb · present · subjunctive
εἰρήνη
eirēnē
Peace
noun · nominative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἀσφάλεια
asphaleia
security
noun · nominative
τότε
tote
then
adverb
αἰφνίδιος
aiphnidios
suddenly
adjective · nominative
αὐτοῖς
autois
upon them
personal pronoun · dative
ἐφίσταται
ephistatai
comes
verb · present · indicative
ὄλεθρος
olethros
destruction
noun · nominative
ὥσπερ
hōsper
as
conjunction
ἡ
hē
the
definite article · nominative
ὠδὶν
ōdin
labor pains
noun · nominative
τῇ
tēa
to her
definite article · dative
ἐν
en
in
preposition
γαστρὶ
gastri
womb [pregnancy]
noun · dative
ἐχούσῃ
echousē
having
verb · present · participle
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
οὐ
ou
certainly
negative particle
μὴ
mē
not
negative particle
ἐκφύγωσιν.¶
ekphugōsin
shall they escape
verb · 2nd aorist · subjunctive
While people are saying, “Peace and security,” destruction will come upon them suddenly, like labor pains on a pregnant woman, and they will not escape.
ὑμεῖς
humeis
You yourselves
personal pronoun · nominative
δέ
de
however
conjunction
ἀδελφοί
adelphoi
brothers
noun · vocative
οὐκ
ouk
not
negative particle
ἐστὲ
este
are
verb · present · indicative
ἐν
en
in
preposition
σκότει
skotei
darkness
noun · dative
ἵνα
ina
that
conjunction
ἡ
hē
the
definite article · nominative
ἡμέρα
hēmera
day
noun · nominative
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
ὡς
hōs
like
particle or disjunctive
κλέπτης
kleptēs
a thief
noun · nominative
καταλάβῃ
katalabē
may grasp
verb · 2nd aorist · subjunctive
But you, brothers, are not in the darkness so that this day should overtake you like a thief.
πάντες
pantes
All
adjective · nominative
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
ὑμεῖς
humeis
you yourselves
personal pronoun · nominative
υἱοὶ
huioi
sons
noun · nominative
φωτός
phōtos
of light
noun · genitive
ἐστε
este
are
verb · present · indicative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
υἱοὶ
huioi
sons
noun · nominative
ἡμέρας
hēmeras
of day
noun · genitive
οὐκ
ouk
Not
negative particle
ἐσμὲν
esmen
we are
verb · present · indicative
νυκτὸς
nuktos
of night
noun · genitive
οὐδὲ
oude
nor
conjunction
σκότους.¶
skotous
of darkness
noun · genitive
For you are all sons of the light and sons of the day; we do not belong to the night or to the darkness.
Ἄρα
Ara
So
conjunction
οὖν
oun
then
conjunction
μὴ
mē
not
negative particle
καθεύδωμεν
katheudōmen
we may sleep
verb · present · subjunctive
ὡς
hōs
as
particle or disjunctive
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
οἱ
hoi
the
definite article · nominative
λοιποὶ
loipoi
others
adjective · nominative
ἀλλὰ
alla
but
conjunction
γρηγορῶμεν
grēgorōmen
we may watch
verb · present · subjunctive
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
νήφωμεν
nēphōmen
we may be sober
verb · present · subjunctive
So then, let us not sleep as the others do, but let us remain awake and sober.
οἱ
hoi
Those
definite article · nominative
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
καθεύδοντες
katheudontes
sleeping
verb · present · participle
νυκτὸς
nuktos
by night
noun · genitive
καθεύδουσιν
katheudousin
sleep
verb · present · indicative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
οἱ
hoi
those
definite article · nominative
μεθυσκόμενοι
methuskomenoi
becoming drunk
verb · present · participle
νυκτὸς
nuktos
by night
noun · genitive
μεθύουσιν
methuousin
get drunk
verb · present · indicative
For those who sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk, get drunk at night.
ἡμεῖς
hēmeis
We ourselves
personal pronoun · nominative
δὲ
de
however
conjunction
ἡμέρας
hēmeras
of [the] day
noun · genitive
ὄντες
ontes
being
verb · present · participle
νήφωμεν
nēphōmen
may be sober
verb · present · subjunctive
ἐνδυσάμενοι
endusamenoi
having put on
verb · aorist · participle
θώρακα
thōraka
[the] breastplate
noun · accusative
πίστεως
pisteōs
of faith
noun · genitive
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἀγάπης
agapēs
love
noun · genitive
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
περικεφαλαίαν
perikephalaian
[the] helmet
noun · accusative
ἐλπίδα
elpida
[the] hope
noun · accusative
σωτηρίας
sōtērias
of salvation
noun · genitive
But since we belong to the day, let us be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and the helmet of our hope of salvation.
ὅτι
hoti
because
conjunction
οὐκ
ouk
not
negative particle
ἔθετο
etheto
has destined
verb · 2nd aorist · indicative
ἡμᾶς
hēmas
us
personal pronoun · accusative
ὁ
ho
(the)
definite article · nominative
θεὸς
theos
God
noun · nominative
εἰς
eis
for
preposition
ὀργὴν
orgēn
wrath
noun · accusative
ἀλλ
all᾽
but
conjunction
εἰς
eis
for
preposition
περιποίησιν
peripoiēsin
obtaining
noun · accusative
σωτηρίας
sōtērias
salvation
noun · genitive
διὰ
dia
through
preposition
τοῦ
tou
the
definite article · genitive
κυρίου
kuriou
Lord
noun · genitive
ἡμῶν
hēmōn
of us
personal pronoun · genitive
Ἰησοῦ
Iēsou
Jesus
noun · genitive
Χριστοῦ
Christou
Christ
noun · genitive
For God has not appointed us to suffer wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ.
τοῦ
tou
the [One who]
definite article · genitive
ἀποθανόντος
apothanontos
having died
verb · 2nd aorist · participle
ὑπὲρ
huper
for
preposition
ἡμῶν
hēmōn
us
personal pronoun · genitive
ἵνα
ina
so that
conjunction
εἴτε
eite
whether
conjunction
γρηγορῶμεν
grēgorōmen
we shall watch
verb · present · subjunctive
εἴτε
eite
or
conjunction
καθεύδωμεν
katheudōmen
we shall sleep
verb · present · subjunctive
ἅμα
hama
together
adverb
σὺν
sun
with
preposition
αὐτῷ
autō
Him
personal pronoun · dative
ζήσωμεν.¶
zēsōmen
we may live
verb · aorist · subjunctive
He died for us so that, whether we are awake or asleep, we may live together with Him.
Διὸ
Dio
Therefore
conjunction
παρακαλεῖτε
parakaleite
do encourage
verb · present · imperative
ἀλλήλους
allēlous
one another
reciprocal pronoun · accusative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
οἰκοδομεῖτε
oikodomeite
do build up
verb · present · imperative
εἷς
heis
one
adjective · nominative
τὸν
ton
(the)
definite article · accusative
ἕνα
hena
another
adjective · accusative
καθὼς
kathōs
even as
conjunction
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
ποιεῖτε.¶
poieite
you are doing
verb · present · indicative
Therefore encourage and build one another up, just as you are already doing.
Ἐρωτῶμεν
Erōtōmen
We implore
verb · present · indicative
δὲ
de
however
conjunction
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
ἀδελφοί
adelphoi
brothers
noun · vocative
εἰδέναι
eidenai
to know
verb · perfect · infinitive
τοὺς
tous
those
definite article · accusative
κοπιῶντας
kopiōntas
toiling
verb · present · participle
ἐν
en
among
preposition
ὑμῖν
humin
you
personal pronoun · dative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
προϊσταμένους
proistamenous
taking the lead
verb · present · participle
ὑμῶν
humōn
over you
personal pronoun · genitive
ἐν
en
in
preposition
κυρίῳ
kuriō
[the] Lord
noun · dative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
νουθετοῦντας
nouthetountas
admonishing
verb · present · participle
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
But we ask you, brothers, to acknowledge those who work diligently among you, who care for you in the Lord and who admonish you.
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἡγεῖσθαι
hēgeisthai
to esteem
verb · present · infinitive
αὐτοὺς
autous
them
personal pronoun · accusative
ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ
huperekperissou
super overexcessively
preposition
ἐν
en
in
preposition
ἀγάπῃ
agapē
love
noun · dative
διὰ
dia
because of
preposition
τὸ
to
the
definite article · accusative
ἔργον
ergon
work
noun · accusative
αὐτῶν
autōn
of them
personal pronoun · genitive
εἰρηνεύετε
eirēneuete
do be at peace
verb · present · imperative
ἐν
en
among
preposition
ἑαυτοῖς.¶
he'autois
yourselves
reflexive pronoun · dative
In love, hold them in highest regard because of their work. Live in peace with one another.
Παρακαλοῦμεν
Parakaloumen
We exhort
verb · present · indicative
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
ἀδελφοί
adelphoi
brothers
noun · vocative
νουθετεῖτε
noutheteite
do admonish
verb · present · imperative
τοὺς
tous
the
definite article · accusative
ἀτάκτους
ataktous
unruly
adjective · accusative
παραμυθεῖσθε
paramutheisthe
do encourage
verb · present · imperative
τοὺς
tous
the
definite article · accusative
ὀλιγοψύχους
oligopsuchous
fainthearted
adjective · accusative
ἀντέχεσθε
antechesthe
do help
verb · present · imperative
τῶν
tōn
the
definite article · genitive
ἀσθενῶν
asthenōn
weak
adjective · genitive
μακροθυμεῖτε
makrothumeite
do be patient
verb · present · imperative
πρὸς
pros
toward
preposition
πάντας
pantas
all
adjective · accusative
And we urge you, brothers, to admonish the unruly, encourage the fainthearted, help the weak, and be patient with everyone.
ὁρᾶτε
horate
do see that
verb · present · imperative
μή
mē
no
negative particle
τις
tis
one
indefinite pronoun · nominative
κακὸν
kakon
evil
adjective · accusative
ἀντὶ
anti
for
preposition
κακοῦ
kakou
evil
adjective · genitive
τινι
tini
to anyone
indefinite pronoun · dative
ἀποδῷ
apodō
may repay
verb · 2nd aorist · subjunctive
ἀλλὰ
alla
but
conjunction
πάντοτε
pantote
always
adverb
τὸ
to
the
definite article · accusative
ἀγαθὸν
agathon
good
adjective · accusative
διώκετε
diōkete
do pursue
verb · present · imperative
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
εἰς
eis
toward
preposition
ἀλλήλους
allēlous
one another
reciprocal pronoun · accusative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
εἰς
eis
toward
preposition
πάντας
pantas
all
adjective · accusative
Make sure that no one repays evil for evil. Always pursue what is good for one another and for all people.
πάντοτε
pantote
Always
adverb
χαίρετε
chairete
do rejoice
verb · present · imperative
Rejoice at all times.
ἀδιαλείπτως
adialeiptōs
Unceasingly
adverb
προσεύχεσθε
proseuchesthe
do pray
verb · present · imperative
Pray without ceasing.
ἐν
en
In
preposition
παντὶ
panti
everything
adjective · dative
εὐχαριστεῖτε
eucharisteite
do give thanks
verb · present · imperative
τοῦτο
touto
this
demonstrative pronoun · nominative
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
θέλημα
thelēma
[is the] will
noun · nominative
θεοῦ
theou
of God
noun · genitive
ἐν
en
in
preposition
Χριστῷ
Christō
Christ
noun · dative
Ἰησοῦ
Iēsou
Jesus
noun · dative
εἰς
eis
toward
preposition
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
Give thanks in every circumstance, for this is God’s will for you in Christ Jesus.
τὸ
to
The
definite article · accusative
πνεῦμα
pneuma
Spirit
noun · accusative
μὴ
mē
not
negative particle
σβέννυτε
sbennute
do quench
verb · present · imperative
Do not extinguish the Spirit.
προφητείας
prophēteias
Prophecies
noun · accusative
μὴ
mē
not
negative particle
ἐξουθενεῖτε
exoutheneite
do despise
verb · present · imperative
Do not treat prophecies with contempt,
πάντα
panta
All things
adjective · accusative
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
δοκιμάζετε
dokimazete
do test
verb · present · imperative
τὸ
to
To the
definite article · accusative
καλὸν
kalon
good
adjective · accusative
κατέχετε
katechete
do hold fast
verb · present · imperative
but test all things. Hold fast to what is good.
ἀπὸ
apo
From
preposition
παντὸς
pantos
every
adjective · genitive
εἴδους
eidous
form
noun · genitive
πονηροῦ
ponērou
of evil
adjective · genitive
ἀπέχεσθε
apechesthe
do abstain
verb · present · imperative
Abstain from every form of evil.
αὐτὸς
autos
Himself
personal pronoun · nominative
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
ὁ
ho
the
definite article · nominative
θεὸς
theos
God
noun · nominative
τῆς
tēs
(the)
definite article · genitive
εἰρήνης
eirēnēs
of peace
noun · genitive
ἁγιάσαι
hagiasai
would sanctify
verb · aorist · optative
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
ὁλοτελεῖς
holoteleis
completely
adjective · accusative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ὁλόκληρον
holoklēron
entirely
adjective · nominative
ὑμῶν
humōn
your
personal pronoun · genitive
τὸ
to
(the)
definite article · nominative
πνεῦμα
pneuma
spirit
noun · nominative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἡ
hē
(the)
definite article · nominative
ψυχὴ
psuchē
soul
noun · nominative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
τὸ
to
(the)
definite article · nominative
σῶμα
sōma
body
noun · nominative
ἀμέμπτως
amemptōs
blameless
adverb
ἐν
en
at
preposition
τῇ
tēa
the
definite article · dative
παρουσίᾳ
parousia
coming
noun · dative
τοῦ
tou
of the
definite article · genitive
κυρίου
kuriou
Lord
noun · genitive
ἡμῶν
hēmōn
of us
personal pronoun · genitive
Ἰησοῦ
Iēsou
Jesus
noun · genitive
Χριστοῦ
Christou
Christ
noun · genitive
τηρηθείη
tērētheiē
would be preserved
verb · aorist · optative
Now may the God of peace Himself sanctify you completely, and may your entire spirit, soul, and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.
πιστὸς
pistos
[Is] faithful
adjective · nominative
ὁ
ho
the [One]
definite article · nominative
καλῶν
kalōn
calling
verb · present · participle
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
ὃς
hos
who
relative pronoun · nominative
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
ποιήσει.¶
poiēsei
will do [it]
verb · future · indicative
The One who calls you is faithful, and He will do it.
Ἀδελφοί
Adelphoi
Brothers
noun · vocative
προσεύχεσθε
proseuchesthe
do pray
verb · present · imperative
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
περὶ
peri
for
preposition
ἡμῶν.¶
hēmōn
us
personal pronoun · genitive
Brothers, pray for us as well.
Ἀσπάσασθε
Aspasasthe
do greet
verb · aorist · imperative
τοὺς
tous
the
definite article · accusative
ἀδελφοὺς
adelphous
brothers
noun · accusative
πάντας
pantas
all
adjective · accusative
ἐν
en
with
preposition
φιλήματι
philēmati
a kiss
noun · dative
ἁγίῳ
hagiō
holy
adjective · dative
Greet all the brothers with a holy kiss.
ἐνορκίζω
enorkizō
I adjure
verb · present · indicative
ὑμᾶς
humas
you
personal pronoun · accusative
τὸν
ton
[by] the
definite article · accusative
κύριον
kurion
Lord
noun · accusative
ἀναγνωσθῆναι
anagnōsthēnai
to be read
verb · aorist · infinitive
τὴν
tēn
[this]
definite article · accusative
ἐπιστολὴν
epistolēn
letter
noun · accusative
πᾶσιν
pasin
to all
adjective · dative
τοῖς
tois
the
definite article · dative
ἁγίοις
hagiois
saints
adjective · dative
ἀδελφοῖς.¶
adelphois
brothers
noun · dative
I charge you before the Lord to have this letter read to all the brothers.
Ἡ
Hē
The
definite article · nominative
χάρις
charis
grace
noun · nominative
τοῦ
tou
of the
definite article · genitive
κυρίου
kuriou
Lord
noun · genitive
ἡμῶν
hēmōn
of us
personal pronoun · genitive
Ἰησοῦ
Iēsou
Jesus
noun · genitive
Χριστοῦ
Christou
Christ
noun · genitive
μεθ
meth᾽
[be] with
preposition
ὑμῶν
humōn
you
personal pronoun · genitive
ἀμήν
amēn
Amen
interjection
πρός
pros
to
preposition
Θεσσαλονικείς
Thessalonikeis
Thessalonica
noun · accusative
πρώτη
prōtē
first
adjective · nominative
ἐγράφη
egraphē
It was written
verb · 2nd aorist · indicative
ἀπό
apo
from
preposition
Ἀθηνῶν.¶
Athēnōn
Athens
noun · genitive
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.
1 Thessalonians 4
2 Thessalonians 1
Grammar, simply: what the labels mean · Look up a word
English: Berean Standard Bible (public domain). Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Grammar from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Sentence structure and references from MACULA Greek and Hebrew (Biblica / Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meaning groups from the UBS MARBLE Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Greek, based on Louw & Nida. Words marked with a dotted line are found in only some manuscripts.