Jeremiah 13

God told Jeremiah to keep a linen loincloth unwashed to represent Judah's unrighteousness (compare Isaiah 64:5; Revelation 19:8). This garment is similar to modern-day underwear.

The Lord instructed Jeremiah to perform a parable (see also Jeremiah 18, 19, 27; see “Prophetic Sign Acts” Theme Note). This parable combined actions with words to highlight key aspects of the Lord’s response to Judah’s rebellion. Jeremiah struggled to fully understand the severe consequences of rejecting the Lord’s command for the people to worship him as the one true God. The direct relationship between Jeremiah and the Lord provided the basis for this event.

The Euphrates River is 300 miles north of Jerusalem. Jeremiah likely joined a merchant caravan for safety during the 600-mile round trip. Although Jeremiah did not know why he was going, he followed God's instructions.

• The safest time to travel was during the dry season, from June to September. Cloth was most likely to rot during the wet season, from October to May.

• Many days later was likely between six and ten months.

The parable showed how terrible the pride of Judah and Jerusalem had become. It explained how God allowed the consequences of sin to happen.

• The rotten loincloth symbolized the people of Judah and Israel. Their wicked rebellion had corrupted them and made them worthless.

• clings: The same Hebrew word can mean “joins” and describes marital faithfulness (Genesis 2:24).

• My people for My renown: See also Exodus 19:5, 6; Deuteronomy 32:10–12; Ephesians 2:7; 3:10.

Don’t we surely know: The people believed that the Lord would keep blessing them as he had before (Psalm 104:15; Proverbs 9:2–5). However, the wine was not a symbol of blessing; here, drunkenness represented God’s anger (compare Revelation 14:10).

Jeremiah urged the people to listen and not be proud, but to change their attitude. If they refused to recognize the Lord as the one true God of Israel, a terrible darkness would come over the nation.

Jeremiah learned that if the people did not recognize the Lord, they would be taken into exile. This idea made him very sad.

The king was likely Jehoiakim's son, Jehoiachin, who became king in 597 BC after his father's death. His mother was Nehushta (see 2 Kings 24:1–9). Jehoiachin was eighteen years old and ruled for only three months. This message was probably given during his brief reign. The Babylonians would soon take his crowns (see 2 Kings 24:11–16). They would also seize the treasures of the Temple and palace. The royalty and elite of Judah would be taken into exile. Meanwhile, Judah's southern neighbors would capture the towns of the Negev, the desert area from Beersheba to the Gulf of Aqaba.

King Jehoiachin did not care about the well-being of his people, the beautiful flock of Judah. Because of the king's many sins, Judah suffered abuse from its supposed allies.

the Ethiopian: People cannot choose their skin color, just like a leopard cannot choose its spots. Similarly, God's people were born trapped by evil. They could not change by themselves and refused to let the Lord change them.

I will scatter you like chaff: This image shows the exile of the people of Judah. Compare with Psalm 1:4–5.

The divine Judge declared a guilty verdict.

The people of Judah could not avoid their punishment. They had forgotten God and turned to false gods.

God let the Babylonians take all of Judah's treasures and capture its people.

Judah's idol worship involved ritual sex acts in the fields and on the hills. The Lord wanted his people to be spiritually and sexually pure in their relationship with him.