Study notes

Jeremiah 18

Introducing JeremiahWho wrote it, when, why, and what to look for as you read

13:1–24:10 Section

Jeremiah shared God’s judgement messages again and again in many ways. Some he shared through an action of prophecy. This was the case with the linen belt and the clay jar from the potter. It was also the case with how Jeremiah wasn’t to get married or have children.

Other messages Jeremiah spoke as poems or simply when talking with someone. This was the case when he spoke with Pashhur and the officials sent by Zedekiah. God compared his people to many different things in his messages. This gave his people pictures to help them understand what he wanted to say. He compared them to wineskins, clay being shaped by a potter and baskets of figs. He compared them to a prostitute and to a wife who wasn’t faithful to her husband. In that picture, God was the husband. The people and leaders of the southern kingdom were the wife. Worshipping false gods was how they were unfaithful to him.

God compared the leaders to shepherds. In that picture, the people were God’s sheep. The kings, priests and prophets were shepherds who destroyed and scattered them. Sometimes God sent his messages with a sign. This was the case when God didn’t let it rain for a time. False prophets shared messages that weren’t from God. Their messages were lies about peace and good times. This made God very angry.

Jeremiah shared God’s messages faithfully. God had warned Jeremiah that the people and leaders would fight against him. This happened many times. People refused to listen to Jeremiah and they made fun of him. They made evil plans against him, beat him and put him in prison. God had promised to be with Jeremiah. God had promised to save him from those who treated him badly. But Jeremiah was suffering terribly. He felt that God had tricked him when he promised to be with him. Yet Jeremiah remained faithful to God as he suffered. In this way he was like Job.

Jeremiah was honest with God when he prayed. His prayers were like the poems and songs in the book of Psalms. They included cries for help and complaining. Jeremiah also praised God and talked about how he trusted in God. The message of hope in chapter 23 talked about a king from the family line of David. He wouldn’t be like the greedy kings of the southern kingdom. He would follow God’s rules for kings recorded in Deuteronomy 17:14–20. This king was called a godly Branch. Isaiah had prophesied about this Branch as well (Isaiah 11:1–3).

Jews came to understand this message of hope as a prophecy about the messiah. New Testament writers came to understand it as a prophecy about Jesus. Jesus is the Branch who makes people right with God.

18:1–4

Jeremiah watched the potter shape a clay jar. The potter then crushed it and began again.

18:1–11

The Lord involved Jeremiah in a lesson using objects. What Jeremiah saw at the potter's shop symbolized what the Lord planned to do with Judah.

18:5–6

The Lord compared himself to this potter. He could set high standards and decide to destroy or reshape his creations.

18:7–10

If a nation or kingdom rejected the one true God, God could decide to uproot, tear down, and destroy it (see Jeremiah 1:10). If the nation changed its evil ways, the Lord's anger would ease, and he would not destroy it.

18:11

The Lord intended to treat Judah and Jerusalem like a potter shapes clay (Jeremiah 18:4). However, they could avoid disaster by rejecting their evil ways and doing what is right.

18:12

The people of Judah ignored the Lord's message. They mocked it, refused to change, and boldly followed their own wrong desires.

18:13

Who has ever heard things like these?: In other nations, people did not abandon their national gods (Jeremiah 2:11–13), but Israel openly mocked the one true God.

18:13–17

The Lord said he would scatter his people because they left him.

18:14–15

  • The answer to these two rhetorical questions was “No.” The snow and streams of the mountaintops of Lebanon were always reliable. In contrast, the Lord’s people were not reliable.

  • The ancient highways represented a life of faithfulness to the covenant (Jeremiah 6:16), while the muddy paths symbolized a life of self-serving paganism.

18:16–17

  • The Lord declared judgment on Judah and Jerusalem.

  • They have made their land a desolation...I will scatter them: Between 605 and 586 BC, Judah and Jerusalem gradually lost their residents.

  • like the east wind: In the summer, a strong hot wind from the east can blow sand and dust from the desert into Judah.

  • I will show them My back: The people would no longer have a covenant relationship with the Lord.

18:18

The people disliked Jeremiah because his strong messages opposed their leaders' messages, so they planned to silence him.

18:18–23

Jeremiah passionately asked for revenge against those trying to undermine his work.

18:19–20

Jeremiah told the Lord about the unfairness of his enemies' actions against him.

Verse notes: Adapted by Mission Mutual (Aquifer Open Study Notes) from Tyndale Open Study Notes © 2023 Tyndale House Publishers. CC BY-SA 4.0. Section notes: Biblica Study Notes © 2023 Biblica, Inc. CC BY-SA 4.0, via BibleAquifer. About the sources