Study notes

Nehemiah 4

Introducing NehemiahWho wrote it, when, why, and what to look for as you read

3:1–7:3 Section

Jewish men and women from many towns and cities helped rebuild the wall. So did priests, leaders, traders, people who worked with gold and people who made perfume. Temple servants helped as well. They had a clear plan.

All together they worked very hard for the same goal. They finished building the wall in 52 days. They faced many problems as they worked. Some of the problems came from the people groups around them. These groups were willing to kill the Jews to stop them from building the wall. These groups also tried to harm Nehemiah. Nehemiah made clever plans to protect the people while they kept working. And he had complete trust in God’s power to protect them.

Some of the problems came from within the Jewish community. Some Jewish nobles didn’t help rebuild the wall. They worked against Nehemiah to stop the work. A priest and many prophets tried to make him afraid of being attacked. And there were nobles and officials who took advantage of needy people. These leaders weren’t following God’s example of how to be rulers.

Nehemiah did follow God’s example. He used his authority as governor to do what was good for the Jewish people. He corrected the problems so that the needy people were taken care of. He didn’t try to get rich by making people give him money. Instead, he provided what other people needed. He used the food and supplies the Persian government gave him to do this. He made sure that honest leaders who respected God were in charge in Jerusalem.

4:2

  • The Persians placed Samarian army officers in Jerusalem to maintain peace.

  • feeble Jews: Sanballat's mockery had some truth. The Jews were not wealthy, powerful, or numerous. However, Sanballat did not understand the strength of the God the Jews served.

  • Can they restore...Will they offer sacrifices?: Sanballat might have mocked the sudden increase in sacrifices at the temple as the Israelites dedicated their work to the Lord.

  • burnt stones...mounds of rubble: When fire destroyed Jerusalem in 586 BC, it heated the stones, causing some to crack and crumble. The people used these stones to rebuild the walls.

4:4

Nehemiah prayed intensely for God to stop those who opposed God's will. Nehemiah often called out to God when he needed help (Nehemiah 2:4; 5:19; 6:14; 13:14, 22, 29, 31).

4:6

half its height: The wall might be 3.0 to 3.7 meters (ten to 12 feet) tall. Some scholars think the original wall was six to 7.3 meters (20 to 24 feet) high.

4:7

Enemies of Israel from the north (Sanballat), south (Arabs), east (Ammonites), and west (Ashdodites) were angry about Jerusalem's fast and successful rebuilding. This progress threatened their political power in the area.

4:9

we prayed...and posted a guard: This wise approach to the threat involved both trusting in God and taking necessary actions.

4:11

The constant psychological attacks from Israel's enemies were lowering morale.

4:12

Wherever you turn, they will attack us: Jews from nearby areas might have urged the people working in Jerusalem to return to their villages to avoid being killed in an attack.

4:13

Nehemiah responded by placing armed guards at the weakest parts of the wall. He ensured that opponents outside could see the forces ready to defend the city.

4:15

Nehemiah credited God (see also Nehemiah 2:20; 6:16). God had thwarted them through the people's prayers, the 24-hour patrol, the visible show of force, and confidence in God's protection.

4:18–19

Nehemiah used the trumpeter to sound the alarm and direct workers to any part of the wall under attack.

4:23

Nehemiah and the other leaders were not elitists who rested while others worked hard.

Verse notes: Adapted by Mission Mutual (Aquifer Open Study Notes) from Tyndale Open Study Notes © 2023 Tyndale House Publishers. CC BY-SA 4.0. Section notes: Biblica Study Notes © 2023 Biblica, Inc. CC BY-SA 4.0, via BibleAquifer. About the sources