Acts 14:12

They called Barnabas “Jupiter”, and Paul “Mercury”, because he was the chief speaker.

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Other translations

WEBBE

They called Barnabas “Jupiter”, and Paul “Mercury”, because he was the chief speaker.

BSB

Barnabas they called Zeus, and Paul they called Hermes, because he was the chief speaker.

ASV

And they called Barnabas, Jupiter; and Paul, Mercury, because he was the chief speaker.

Original Greek

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The early church

"And when the people saw what Paul had done, they lifted up their voices, saying in the speech of Lycaonia, The gods are come down to us in the likeness of men. And they called Barnabas, Jupiter; and Paul, Mercurius, because he was the chief speaker." But this purpose was not yet manifest, for they spake in their own tongue, saying, "The gods in the likeness of men are come down to us": therefore the Apostle said nothing to them as yet.
John Chrysostom · d. 407Homilies on Acts
"And they called Barnabas, Jupiter; and Paul, Mercurius." I suppose Barnabas was a man of dignified appearance also. Here was a new sort of trial, from immoderate zeal, and no small one: but hence also is shown the virtue of the Apostles, and how on all occasions they ascribe all to God.
John Chrysostom · d. 407Homilies on Acts

Commentary

Matthew Henry · Verses 8–18

All things are possible to those that believe. When we have faith, that most precious gift of God, we shall be delivered from the spiritual helplessness in which we were born, and from the dominion of sinful habits since formed; we shall be made able to stand upright and walk cheerfully in the ways of the Lord. When Christ, the Son of God, appeared in the likeness of men, and did many miracles, men were so far from doing sacrifice to him, that they made him a sacrifice to their pride and malice; but Paul and Barnabas, upon their working one miracle, were treated as gods. The same power of the god of this world, which closes the carnal mind against truth, makes errors and mistakes find easy admission. We do not learn that they rent their clothes when the people spake of stoning them; but when they spake of worshipping them; they could not bear it, being more concerned for God's honour than their own. God's truth needs not the services of man's falsehood. The servants of God might easily obtain undue honours if they would wink at men's errors and vices; but they must dread and detest such respect more than any reproach. When the apostles preached to the Jews, who hated idolatry, they had only to preach the grace of God in Christ; but when they had to do with the Gentiles, they must set right their mistakes in natural religion. Compare their conduct and declaration with the false opinions of those who think the worship of a God, under any name, or in any manner, is equally acceptable to the Lord Almighty. The most powerful arguments, the most earnest and affectionate addresses, even with miracles, are scarcely enough to keep men from absurdities and abominations; much less can they, without special grace, turn the hearts of sinners to God and to holiness.

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Cross-references: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Library: sources.