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מַשָּׂא
ma·sa'
[the] oracle of
noun · construct
גֵּיא
gei'
[the] valley of
noun · construct
חִזָּיוֹן
chi·za·yon
vision
noun · absolute
מַה־
mah-
what
pronoun
לָּךְ
lakh
[is] to you
suffix
אֵפוֹא
'e·fo'
then
particle
כִּי־
ki-
that
particle
עָלִית
'a·lit
you have gone up
verb · qal · perfect
כֻּלָּךְ
ku·lakh
all of you
noun · construct
לַגַּגּוֹת
la·ga·got
to the roofs
noun · absolute
This is the burden against the Valley of Vision: What ails you now, that you have all gone up to the rooftops,
תְּשֻׁאוֹת
te·shu·'ot
noises
noun · absolute
מְלֵאָה
me·le·'ah
full
verb · qal · participle
עִיר
'ir
O city
noun · construct
הוֹמִיָּה
ho·mi·yah
turbulent
verb · qal · participle
קִרְיָה
kir·yah
O town
noun · absolute
עַלִּיזָה
'a·li·zah
jubilant
adjective · absolute
חֲלָלַיִךְ
cha·la·la·yikh
slain [ones] your
adjective · construct
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
חַלְלֵי־
cha·lei-
[are] slain of
adjective · construct
חֶרֶב
che·rev
a sword
noun · absolute
וְלֹא
ve·lo'
and not
particle
מֵתֵי
me·tei
[are] dead of
verb · qal · participle
מִלְחָמָה
mil·cha·mah
battle
noun · absolute
O city of commotion, O town of revelry? Your slain did not die by the sword, nor were they killed in battle.
כָּל־
kol-
all
noun · construct
קְצִינַיִךְ
ke·tzi·na·yikh
rulers your
noun · construct
נָדְדוּ־
na·de·du-
they have fled
verb · qal · perfect
יַחַד
ya·chad
together
noun · absolute
מִקֶּשֶׁת
mi·ke·shet
from a bow
noun · absolute
אֻסָּרוּ
'u·sa·ru
they have been captured
verb · pual · perfect
כָּל־
kol-
all
noun · construct
נִמְצָאַיִךְ
nim·tza·'a·yikh
found [ones] your
verb · niphal · participle
אֻסְּרוּ
'u·se·ru
they were captured
verb · pual · perfect
יַחְדָּו
yach·dav
together
adverb
מֵרָחוֹק
me·ra·chok
from a distance
adjective · absolute
בָּרָחוּ
ba·ra·chu
they had fled
verb · qal · perfect
All your rulers have fled together, captured without a bow. All your fugitives were captured together, having fled to a distant place.
עַל־
'al-
there-
preposition
כֵּן
ken
-fore
adverb
אָמַרְתִּי
'a·mar·ti
I said
verb · qal · perfect
שְׁעוּ
she·'u
look away
verb · qal · imperative
מִנִּי
mi·ni
from me
preposition
אֲמָרֵר
'a·ma·rer
I will show bitterness
verb · piel · imperfect
בַּבֶּכִי
ba·be·khi
with (the) weeping
noun · absolute
אַל־
'al-
may not
particle
תָּאִיצוּ
ta·'i·tzu
you insist
verb · hiphil · imperfect
לְנַחֲמֵנִי
le·na·cha·me·ni
to comfort me
verb · piel · infinitive
עַל־
'al-
on
preposition
שֹׁד
shod
[the] devastation of
noun · construct
בַּת־
bat-
[the] daughter of
noun · construct
עַמִּי
'a·mi
people my
noun · construct
Therefore I said, “Turn away from me, let me weep bitterly! Do not try to console me over the destruction of the daughter of my people.”
כִּי
ki
for
particle
יוֹם
yom
a day of
noun · construct
מְהוּמָה
me·hu·mah
consternation
noun · absolute
וּמְבוּסָה
u·me·vu·sah
and trampling
noun · absolute
וּמְבוּכָה
u·me·vu·khah
and confusion
noun · absolute
לַאדֹנָי
la·do·nai
[belongs] to [the] Lord
noun
יְהוִה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
בְּגֵיא
be·gei'
in [the] valley of
noun · construct
חִזָּיוֹן
chi·za·yon
vision
noun · absolute
מְקַרְקַר
me·kar·kar
a breaking down of
verb · piel · participle
קִר
kir
a wall
noun · absolute
וְשׁוֹעַ
ve·sho·a'
and a crying out
noun · absolute
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
הָהָר
ha·har
the mountain
noun · absolute
For the Lord GOD of Hosts has set a day of tumult and trampling and confusion in the Valley of Vision— of breaking down the walls and crying to the mountains.
וְעֵילָם
ve·'ei·lam
and Elam
noun
נָשָׂא
na·sa'
it took up
verb · qal · perfect
אַשְׁפָּה
'ash·pah
a quiver
noun · absolute
בְּרֶכֶב
be·re·khev
with chariotry of
noun · construct
אָדָם
'a·dam
a man
noun · absolute
פָּרָשִׁים
pa·ra·shim
horsemen
noun · absolute
וְקִיר
ve·kir
and Kir
noun
עֵרָה
'e·rah
it uncovered
verb · piel · perfect
מָגֵן
ma·gen
a shield
noun · absolute
Elam takes up a quiver, with chariots and horsemen, and Kir uncovers the shield.
וַיְהִי
vay·hi
and it was
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
מִבְחַר־
miv·char-
[the] choicest of
noun · construct
עֲמָקַיִךְ
'a·ma·ka·yikh
valleys your
noun · construct
מָלְאוּ
mal·'u
they were full
verb · qal · perfect
רָכֶב
ra·khev
chariotry
noun · absolute
וְהַפָּרָשִׁים
ve·ha·pa·ra·shim
and the horsemen
noun · absolute
שֹׁת
shot
certainly (to take a stand)
verb · qal · infinitive
שָׁתוּ
sha·tu
they took a stand
verb · qal · perfect
הַשָּׁעְרָה
ha·sha·'e·rah
the gate towards
noun · absolute
Your choicest valleys are full of chariots, and horsemen are posted at the gates.
וַיְגַל
vay·gal
and he uncovered
verb · piel · wayyiqtol
אֵת
'et
(marks the object)
object indicator
מָסַךְ
ma·sakh
[the] covering of
noun · construct
יְהוּדָה
ye·hu·dah
Judah
noun
וַתַּבֵּט
va·ta·bet
and you looked
verb · hiphil · wayyiqtol
בַּיּוֹם
bai·yom
in the day
noun · absolute
הַהוּא
ha·hu'
(the) that
pronoun
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
נֶשֶׁק
ne·shek
[the] weaponry of
noun · construct
בֵּית
beit
[the] House of
noun · construct
הַיָּעַר
hai·ya·'ar
the Forest
noun · absolute
He has uncovered the defenses of Judah. On that day you looked to the weapons in the House of the Forest.
וְאֵת
ve·'et
and (marks the object)
object indicator
בְּקִיעֵי
be·ki·'ei
[the] breaches of
noun · construct
עִיר־
'ir-
[the] city of
noun · construct
דָּוִד
da·vid
David
noun
רְאִיתֶם
re·'i·tem
you saw
verb · qal · perfect
כִּי־
ki-
that
particle
רָבּוּ
ra·bu
they were many
verb · qal · perfect
וַתְּקַבְּצוּ
va·te·ka·be·tzu
and you gathered
verb · piel · wayyiqtol
אֶת־
'et-
(marks the object)
object indicator
מֵי
mei
[the] waters of
noun · construct
הַבְּרֵכָה
ha·be·re·khah
the pool
noun · absolute
הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה
ha·tach·to·nah
(the) lower
adjective · absolute
You saw that there were many breaches in the walls of the City of David. You collected water from the lower pool.
וְאֶת־
ve·'et
and (marks the object)
object indicator
בָּתֵּי
ba·tei
[the] houses of
noun · construct
יְרוּשָׁלִַם
ye·ru·sha·lim
Jerusalem
noun
סְפַרְתֶּם
se·far·tem
you counted
verb · qal · perfect
וַתִּתְֿצוּ
va·tittzev
and you pulled down
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
הַבָּתִּים
ha·ba·tim
the houses
noun · absolute
לְבַצֵּר
le·va·tzer
to fortify
verb · piel · infinitive
הַחוֹמָה
ha·cho·mah
the city wall
noun · absolute
You counted the houses of Jerusalem and tore them down to strengthen the wall.
וּמִקְוָה
u·mik·vah
and a reservoir
noun · absolute
עֲשִׂיתֶם
'a·si·tem
you made
verb · qal · perfect
בֵּין
bein
between
adjective · construct
הַחֹמֹתַיִם
ha·cho·mo·ta·yim
the two walls
noun · absolute
לְמֵי
le·mei
for [the] water of
noun · construct
הַבְּרֵכָה
ha·be·re·khah
the pool
noun · absolute
הַיְשָׁנָה
hay·sha·nah
(the) old
adjective · absolute
וְלֹא
ve·lo'
and not
particle
הִבַּטְתֶּם
hi·ba·tem
you looked
verb · hiphil · perfect
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
עֹשֶׂיהָ
'o·sei·ha
[the] [one who] made it
verb · qal · participle
וְיֹצְרָהּ
ve·yo·tze·rah
and [the] [one who] planned it
verb · qal · participle
מֵרָחוֹק
me·ra·chok
from distant [time]
adjective · absolute
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
רְאִיתֶם
re·'i·tem
you considered
verb · qal · perfect
You built a reservoir between the walls for the waters of the ancient pool, but you did not look to the One who made it, or consider Him who planned it long ago.
וַיִּקְרָא
vai·yik·ra'
and he called
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
אֲדֹנָי
'a·do·nai
[the] Lord
noun
יְהוִה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
בַּיּוֹם
bai·yom
in the day
noun · absolute
הַהוּא
ha·hu'
(the) that
pronoun
לִבְכִי
liv·khi
for weeping
noun · absolute
וּלְמִסְפֵּד
u·le·mis·ped
and for wailing
noun · absolute
וּלְקָרְחָה
u·le·ka·re·chah
and for baldness
noun · absolute
וְלַחֲגֹר
ve·la·cha·gor
and for girding of
verb · qal · infinitive
שָׂק
sak
sackcloth
noun · absolute
On that day the Lord GOD of Hosts called for weeping and wailing, for shaven heads and the wearing of sackcloth.
וְהִנֵּה
ve·hi·neh
and there
particle
שָׂשׂוֹן
sa·son
joy
noun · absolute
וְשִׂמְחָה
ve·sim·chah
and gladness
noun · absolute
הָרֹג
ha·rog
they are killing
verb · qal · infinitive
בָּקָר
ba·kar
cattle
noun · absolute
וְשָׁחֹט
ve·sha·chot
and they are slaughtering
verb · qal · infinitive
צֹאן
tzon
sheep
noun · absolute
אָכֹל
'a·khol
they are eating
verb · qal · infinitive
בָּשָׂר
ba·sar
meat
noun · absolute
וְשָׁתוֹת
ve·sha·tot
and they are drinking
verb · qal · infinitive
יָיִן
ya·yin
wine
noun · absolute
אָכוֹל
'a·khol
we will eat
verb · qal · infinitive
וְשָׁתוֹ
ve·sha·to
and we will drink
verb · qal · infinitive
כִּי
ki
for
particle
מָחָר
ma·char
tomorrow
noun · absolute
נָמוּת
na·mut
we will die
verb · qal · imperfect
But look, there is joy and gladness, butchering of cattle and slaughtering of sheep, eating of meat and drinking of wine: “Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die!”
וְנִגְלָה
ve·nig·lah
and he has revealed himself
verb · niphal · weqatal
בְאָזְנָי
ve·'a·ze·nai
in ears my
noun · construct
יְהוָה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
אִם־
'im-
if
particle
יְכֻפַּר
ye·khu·par
it will be atoned for
verb · pual · imperfect
הֶעָוֹן
he·'a·von
the iniquity
noun · absolute
הַזֶּה
ha·zeh
(the) this
particle
לָכֶם
la·khem
for you
suffix
עַד־
'ad-
until
preposition
תְּמֻתוּן
te·mu·tun
you will die
verb · qal · imperfect
אָמַר
'a·mar
he says
verb · qal · perfect
אֲדֹנָי
'a·do·nai
[the] Lord
noun
יְהוִה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת פ
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
The LORD of Hosts has revealed in my hearing: “Until your dying day, this sin of yours will never be atoned for,” says the Lord GOD of Hosts.
כֹּה
koh
thus
adverb
אָמַר
'a·mar
he says
verb · qal · perfect
אֲדֹנָי
'a·do·nai
[the] Lord
noun
יְהוִה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
לֶךְ־
lekh-
come
verb · qal · imperative
בֹּא
bo'
go
verb · qal · imperative
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
הַסֹּכֵן
ha·so·khen
the steward
verb · qal · participle
הַזֶּה
ha·zeh
(the) this
particle
עַל־
'al-
to
preposition
שֶׁבְנָא
shev·na'
Shebna
noun
אֲשֶׁר
'a·sher
who
particle
עַל־
'al-
[is] over
preposition
הַבָּיִת
ha·ba·yit
the house
noun · absolute
This is what the Lord GOD of Hosts says: “Go, say to Shebna, the steward in charge of the palace:
מַה־
mah-
what
pronoun
לְּךָ
le·kha
[belongs] to you
suffix
פֹה
foh
here
adverb
וּמִי
u·mi
and who
pronoun
לְךָ
le·kha
[belongs] to you
suffix
פֹה
foh
here
adverb
כִּי־
ki-
that
particle
חָצַבְתָּ
cha·tzav·ta
you have dug out
verb · qal · perfect
לְּךָ
le·kha
for yourself
suffix
פֹּה
poh
here
adverb
קָבֶר
ka·ver
a tomb
noun · absolute
חֹצְבִי
cho·tze·vi
digging out
verb · qal · participle
מָרוֹם
ma·rom
high place
noun · absolute
קִבְרוֹ
kiv·ro
tomb his
noun · construct
חֹקְקִי
cho·ke·ki
cutting
verb · qal · participle
בַסֶּלַע
va·se·la'
in the rock
noun · absolute
מִשְׁכָּן
mish·kan
a dwelling
noun · absolute
לוֹ
lo
for (the) himself
suffix
What are you doing here, and who authorized you to carve out a tomb for yourself here — to chisel your tomb in the height and cut your resting place in the rock?
הִנֵּה
hi·neh
there
particle
יְהוָה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
מְטַלְטֶלְךָ
me·tal·tel·kha
[is] about to hurl away you
verb · piel · participle
טַלְטֵלָה
tal·te·lah
hurling
noun · absolute
גָּבֶר
ga·ver
O man
noun · absolute
וְעֹטְךָ
ve·'o·te·kha
and [is] about to grasp you
verb · qal · participle
עָטֹה
'a·toh
completely (to grasp)
verb · qal · infinitive
Look, O mighty man! The LORD is about to shake you violently. He will take hold of you,
צָנוֹף
tza·nof
certainly (to wind up)
verb · qal · infinitive
יִצְנָפְךָ
yitz·na·fe·kha
he will wind up you
verb · qal · imperfect
צְנֵפָה
tze·ne·fah
a winding
noun · absolute
כַּדּוּר
ka·dur
a ball
noun · absolute
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
אֶרֶץ
'e·retz
a land
noun · absolute
רַחֲבַת
ra·cha·vat
broad of
adjective · construct
יָדָיִם
ya·da·yim
both hands
noun · absolute
שָׁמָּה
sha·mah
there (towards)
adverb
תָמוּת
ta·mut
you will die
verb · qal · imperfect
וְשָׁמָּה
ve·sha·mah
and there (towards)
adverb
מַרְכְּבוֹת
mar·ke·vot
[the] chariots of
noun · construct
כְּבוֹדֶךָ
ke·vo·de·kha
splendor your
noun · construct
קְלוֹן
ke·lon
[will be] [the] disgrace of
noun · construct
בֵּית
beit
[the] house of
noun · construct
אֲדֹנֶיךָ
'a·do·nei·kha
master(s) your
noun · construct
roll you into a ball, and sling you into a wide land. There you will die, and there your glorious chariots will remain— a disgrace to the house of your master.
וַהֲדַפְתִּיךָ
va·ha·daf·ti·kha
and I will push you
verb · qal · weqatal
מִמַּצָּבֶךָ
mi·ma·tza·ve·kha
from office your
noun · construct
וּמִמַּעֲמָדְךָ
u·mi·ma·'a·ma·de·kha
and from post your
noun · construct
יֶהֶרְסֶךָ
ye·her·se·kha
he will tear down you
verb · qal · imperfect
I will remove you from office, and you will be ousted from your position.
וְהָיָה
ve·ha·yah
and it will be
verb · qal · weqatal
בַּיּוֹם
bai·yom
in the day
noun · absolute
הַהוּא
ha·hu'
(the) that
pronoun
וְקָרָאתִי
ve·ka·ra·ti
and I will summon
verb · qal · weqatal
לְעַבְדִּי
le·'av·di
(to) servant my
noun · construct
לְאֶלְיָקִים
le·'el·ya·kim
(to) Eliakim
noun
בֶּן־
ben-
[the] son of
noun · construct
חִלְקִיָּהוּ
chil·ki·ya·hu
Hilkiah
noun
On that day I will summon My servant, Eliakim son of Hilkiah.
וְהִלְבַּשְׁתִּיו
ve·hil·bash·tiv
and I will clothe him
verb · hiphil · weqatal
כֻּתָּנְתֶּךָ
ku·ta·ne·te·kha
tunic your
noun · construct
וְאַבְנֵטְךָ
ve·'av·ne·te·kha
and sash your
noun · construct
אֲחַזְּקֶנּוּ
'a·chaz·ze·ke·nu
I will make firm on him
verb · piel · imperfect
וּמֶמְשֶׁלְתְּךָ
u·mem·shel·te·kha
and authority your
noun · construct
אֶתֵּן
'e·ten
I will put
verb · qal · imperfect
בְּיָדוֹ
be·ya·do
in hand his
noun · construct
וְהָיָה
ve·ha·yah
and he will become
verb · qal · weqatal
לְאָב
le·'av
(into) a father
noun · absolute
לְיוֹשֵׁב
le·yo·shev
of [the] inhabitant[s] of
verb · qal · participle
יְרוּשָׁלִַם
ye·ru·sha·lim
Jerusalem
noun
וּלְבֵית
u·le·veit
and of [the] house of
noun · construct
יְהוּדָה
ye·hu·dah
Judah
noun
I will clothe him with your robe and tie your sash around him. I will put your authority in his hand, and he will be a father to the dwellers of Jerusalem and to the house of Judah.
וְנָתַתִּי
ve·na·ta·ti
and I will put
verb · qal · weqatal
מַפְתֵּחַ
maf·te·ach
[the] key of
noun · construct
בֵּית־
beit-
[the] house of
noun · construct
דָּוִד
da·vid
David
noun
עַל־
'al-
on
preposition
שִׁכְמוֹ
shikh·mo
shoulder his
noun · construct
וּפָתַח
u·fa·tach
and he will open
verb · qal · weqatal
וְאֵין
ve·'ein
and there not
noun · construct
סֹגֵר
so·ger
[will be one who] shuts
verb · qal · participle
וְסָגַר
ve·sa·gar
and he will shut
verb · qal · weqatal
וְאֵין
ve·'ein
and there not
noun · construct
פֹּתֵחַ
po·te·ach
[will be one who] opens
verb · qal · participle
I will place on his shoulder the key to the house of David. What he opens no one can shut, and what he shuts no one can open.
וּתְקַעְתִּיו
u·te·ka'·tiv
and I will drive him
verb · qal · weqatal
יָתֵד
ya·ted
a tent peg
noun · absolute
בְּמָקוֹם
be·ma·kom
in a place
noun · absolute
נֶאֱמָן
ne·'e·man
firm
verb · niphal · participle
וְהָיָה
ve·ha·yah
and he will become
verb · qal · weqatal
לְכִסֵּא
le·khi·se'
(into) a seat of
noun · construct
כָבוֹד
kha·vod
honor
noun · absolute
לְבֵית
le·veit
for [the] house of
noun · construct
אָבִיו
'a·viv
father his
noun · construct
I will drive him like a peg into a firm place, and he will be a throne of glory for the house of his father.
וְתָלוּ
ve·ta·lu
and they will hang
verb · qal · weqatal
עָלָיו
'a·lav
on him
preposition
כֹּל
kol
all
noun · construct
כְּבוֹד
ke·vod
[the] honor of
noun · construct
בֵּית־
beit-
[the] house of
noun · construct
אָבִיו
'a·viv
father his
noun · construct
הַצֶּאֱצָאִים
ha·tze·'e·tza·'im
the descendants
noun · absolute
וְהַצְּפִעוֹת
ve·ha·tze·fi·'ot
and the offshoot(s)
noun · absolute
כֹּל
kol
all
noun · construct
כְּלֵי
ke·lei
[the] vessels of
noun · construct
הַקָּטָן
ha·ka·tan
the small
adjective · absolute
מִכְּלֵי
mi·ke·lei
from [the] vessels of
noun · construct
הָאַגָּנוֹת
ha·'a·ga·not
the bowls
noun · absolute
וְעַד
ve·'ad
and unto
preposition
כָּל־
kol-
all
noun · construct
כְּלֵי
ke·lei
[the] vessels of
noun · construct
הַנְּבָלִים
ha·ne·va·lim
the jars
noun · absolute
So they will hang on him all the glory of his father’s house: the descendants and the offshoots— all the lesser vessels, from bowls to every kind of jar.
בַּיּוֹם
bai·yom
in the day
noun · absolute
הַהוּא
ha·hu'
(the) that
pronoun
נְאֻם
ne·'um
[the] utterance of
noun · construct
יְהוָה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
תָּמוּשׁ
ta·mush
it will be removed
verb · qal · imperfect
הַיָּתֵד
hai·ya·ted
the tent peg
noun · absolute
הַתְּקוּעָה
ha·te·ku·'ah
that was driven
verb · qal · participle
בְּמָקוֹם
be·ma·kom
in a place
noun · absolute
נֶאֱמָן
ne·'e·man
firm
verb · niphal · participle
וְנִגְדְּעָה
ve·nig·de·'ah
and it will be cut down
verb · niphal · weqatal
וְנָפְלָה
ve·na·fe·lah
and it will fall
verb · qal · weqatal
וְנִכְרַת
ve·nikh·rat
and it will be cut off
verb · niphal · weqatal
הַמַּשָּׂא
ha·ma·sa'
the burden
noun · absolute
אֲשֶׁר־
'a·sher-
which
particle
עָלֶיהָ
'a·lei·ha
[was] on it
preposition
כִּי
ki
for
particle
יְהוָה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
דִּבֵּר ס
di·ber
he has spoken
verb · piel · perfect
In that day, declares the LORD of Hosts, the peg driven into a firm place will give way; it will be sheared off and fall, and the load upon it will be cut down.” Indeed, the LORD has spoken.
Isaiah 21
Isaiah 23
Grammar, simply: what the labels mean · Look up a word
English: Berean Standard Bible (public domain). Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Grammar from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Sentence structure and references from MACULA Greek and Hebrew (Biblica / Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meaning groups from the UBS MARBLE Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Greek, based on Louw & Nida. Words marked with a dotted line are found in only some manuscripts.