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רְדִי
re·di
go down
verb · qal · imperative
וּשְׁבִי
u·she·vi
and sit
verb · qal · imperative
עַל־
'al-
on
preposition
עָפָר
'a·far
[the] dust
noun · absolute
בְּתוּלַת
be·tu·lat
O virgin of
noun · construct
בַּת־
bat-
[the] daughter of
noun · construct
בָּבֶל
ba·vel
Babylon
noun
שְׁבִי־
she·vi-
sit
verb · qal · imperative
לָאָרֶץ
la·'a·retz
to the ground
noun · absolute
אֵין־
'ein-
there not
noun · construct
כִּסֵּא
ki·se'
[is] a throne
noun · absolute
בַּת־
bat-
O daughter of
noun · construct
כַּשְׂדִּים
kas·dim
[the] Chaldeans
noun
כִּי
ki
for
particle
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
תוֹסִיפִי
to·si·fi
you will repeat
verb · hiphil · imperfect
יִקְרְאוּ־
yik·re·'u-
people will call
verb · qal · imperfect
לָךְ
lakh
(to) you
suffix
רַכָּה
ra·kah
tender
adjective · absolute
וַעֲנֻגָּה
va·'a·nu·gah
and delicate
adjective · absolute
“Go down and sit in the dust, O Virgin Daughter of Babylon. Sit on the ground without a throne, O Daughter of the Chaldeans! For you will no longer be called tender or delicate.
קְחִי
ke·chi
take
verb · qal · imperative
רֵחַיִם
re·cha·yim
a hand-mill
noun · absolute
וְטַחֲנִי
ve·ta·cha·ni
and grind
verb · qal · imperative
קָמַח
ka·mach
flour
noun · absolute
גַּלִּי
ga·li
uncover
verb · piel · imperative
צַמָּתֵךְ
tza·ma·tekh
veil your
noun · construct
חֶשְׂפִּי־
ches·pi-
strip off
verb · qal · imperative
שֹׁבֶל
shoel
a skirt
noun · absolute
גַּלִּי־
ga·li-
uncover
verb · piel · imperative
שׁוֹק
shok
a leg
noun · absolute
עִבְרִי
'iv·ri
pass through
verb · qal · imperative
נְהָרוֹת
ne·ha·rot
rivers
noun · absolute
Take millstones and grind flour; remove your veil; strip off your skirt, bare your thigh, and wade through the streams.
תִּגָּל
ti·gal
let it be uncovered
verb · niphal · imperfect
עֶרְוָתֵךְ
'er·va·tekh
nakedness your
noun · construct
גַּם
gam
also
adverb
תֵּרָאֶה
te·ra·'eh
let it be visible
verb · niphal · imperfect
חֶרְפָּתֵךְ
cher·pa·tekh
reproach your
noun · construct
נָקָם
na·kam
vengeance
noun · absolute
אֶקָּח
'e·kach
I will take
verb · qal · imperfect
וְלֹא
ve·lo'
and not
particle
אֶפְגַּע
'ef·ga'
I will meet
verb · qal · imperfect
אָדָם ס
'a·dam
anyone
noun · absolute
Your nakedness will be uncovered and your shame will be exposed. I will take vengeance; I will spare no one.”
גֹּאֲלֵנוּ
go·'a·le·nu
redeemer our
verb · qal · participle
יְהוָה
yah·weh
[is] Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
שְׁמוֹ
she·mo
name his
noun · construct
קְדוֹשׁ
ke·do·osh
[the] holy [one] of
adjective · construct
יִשְׂרָאֵל
yis·ra·'el
Israel
noun
Our Redeemer — the LORD of Hosts is His name — is the Holy One of Israel.
שְׁבִי
she·vi
sit
verb · qal · imperative
דוּמָם
du·mam
silently
adverb
וּבֹאִי
u·vo·'i
and go
verb · qal · imperative
בַחֹשֶׁךְ
va·cho·shekh
in (the) darkness
noun · absolute
בַּת־
bat-
O daughter of
noun · construct
כַּשְׂדִּים
kas·dim
[the] Chaldeans
noun
כִּי
ki
for
particle
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
תוֹסִיפִי
to·si·fi
you will repeat
verb · hiphil · imperfect
יִקְרְאוּ־
yik·re·'u-
people will call
verb · qal · imperfect
לָךְ
lakh
(to) you
suffix
גְּבֶרֶת
ge·ve·ret
queen of
noun · construct
מַמְלָכוֹת
mam·la·khot
kingdoms
noun · absolute
“Sit in silence and go into darkness, O Daughter of the Chaldeans. For you will no longer be called the queen of kingdoms.
קָצַפְתִּי
ka·tzaf·ti
I was angry
verb · qal · perfect
עַל־
'al-
towards
preposition
עַמִּי
'a·mi
people my
noun · construct
חִלַּלְתִּי
chi·lal·ti
I profaned
verb · piel · perfect
נַחֲלָתִי
na·cha·la·ti
inheritance my
noun · construct
וָאֶתְּנֵם
va·'e·te·nem
and I gave them
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
בְּיָדֵךְ
be·ya·dekh
in hand your
noun · construct
לֹא־
lo'-
not
particle
שַׂמְתְּ
samt
you appointed
verb · qal · perfect
לָהֶם
la·hem
to (the) them
suffix
רַחֲמִים
ra·cha·mim
compassion(s)
noun · absolute
עַל־
'al-
on
preposition
זָקֵן
za·ken
[the] old
adjective · absolute
הִכְבַּדְתְּ
hikh·badt
you made heavy
verb · hiphil · perfect
עֻלֵּךְ
'u·lekh
yoke your
noun · construct
מְאֹד
me·'od
exceedingly
adjective · absolute
I was angry with My people; I profaned My heritage, and I placed them under your control. You showed them no mercy; even on the elderly you laid a most heavy yoke.
וַתֹּאמְרִי
va·tom·ri
and you said
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
לְעוֹלָם
le·'o·lam
for ever
noun · absolute
אֶהְיֶה
'eh·yeh
I will be
verb · qal · imperfect
גְבָרֶת
ge·va·ret
a queen
noun · absolute
עַד
'ad
until
preposition
לֹא־
lo'-
not
particle
שַׂמְתְּ
samt
you put
verb · qal · perfect
אֵלֶּה
'e·leh
these [things]
particle
עַל־
'al-
on
preposition
לִבֵּךְ
li·bekh
heart your
noun · construct
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
זָכַרְתְּ
za·khart
you remembered
verb · qal · perfect
אַחֲרִיתָהּ ס
'a·cha·ri·tah
outcome its
noun · construct
You said, ‘I will be queen forever.’ You did not take these things to heart or consider their outcome.
וְעַתָּה
ve·'a·tah
and therefore
adverb
שִׁמְעִי־
shim·'i-
listen to
verb · qal · imperative
זֹאת
zot
this
particle
עֲדִינָה
'a·di·nah
O voluptuous [woman]
adjective · absolute
הַיּוֹשֶׁבֶת
hai·yo·she·vet
who dwells
verb · qal · participle
לָבֶטַח
la·ve·tach
to security
noun · absolute
הָאֹמְרָה
ha·'o·me·rah
who says
verb · qal · participle
בִּלְבָבָהּ
bil·va·vah
in heart her
noun · construct
אֲנִי
'a·ni
I
pronoun
וְאַפְסִי
ve·'af·si
and only I
noun · construct
עוֹד
od
[am] yet
adjective · absolute
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
אֵשֵׁב
'e·shev
I will live
verb · qal · imperfect
אַלְמָנָה
'al·ma·nah
a widow
noun · absolute
וְלֹא
ve·lo'
and not
particle
אֵדַע
'e·da'
I will know
verb · qal · imperfect
שְׁכוֹל
she·khol
childlessness
noun · absolute
So now hear this, O lover of luxury who sits securely, who says to herself, ‘I am, and there is none besides me. I will never be a widow or know the loss of children.’
וְתָבֹאנָה
ve·ta·vo·nah
so they may come
verb · qal · and + imperfect
לָּךְ
lakh
to you
suffix
שְׁתֵּי־
she·tei-
both of
adjective · construct
אֵלֶּה
'e·leh
these [things]
particle
רֶגַע
re·ga'
a moment
noun · absolute
בְּיוֹם
be·yom
in a day
noun · absolute
אֶחָד
'e·chad
one
adjective · absolute
שְׁכוֹל
she·khol
childlessness
noun · absolute
וְאַלְמֹן
ve·'al·mon
and widowhood
noun · absolute
כְּתֻמָּם
ke·tu·mam
according to completeness their
noun · construct
בָּאוּ
ba·'u
they will come
verb · qal · perfect
עָלַיִךְ
'a·la·yikh
on you
preposition
בְּרֹב
be·ro
in [the] abundance of
noun · construct
כְּשָׁפַיִךְ
ke·sha·fa·yikh
sorceries your
noun · construct
בְּעָצְמַת
be·'a·tze·mat
in [the] power of
noun · construct
חֲבָרַיִךְ
cha·va·ra·yikh
spells your
noun · construct
מְאֹד
me·'od
very many
adjective · absolute
These two things will overtake you in a moment, in a single day: loss of children, and widowhood. They will come upon you in full measure, in spite of your many sorceries and the potency of your spells.
וַתִּבְטְחִי
va·tiv·te·chi
and you trusted
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
בְרָעָתֵךְ
ve·ra·'a·tekh
in evil your
noun · construct
אָמַרְתְּ
'a·mart
you said
verb · qal · perfect
אֵין
'ein
there not
noun · construct
רֹאָנִי
ro·'a·ni
[is one who] sees me
verb · qal · participle
חָכְמָתֵךְ
cha·khe·ma·tekh
wisdom your
noun · construct
וְדַעְתֵּךְ
ve·da'·tekh
and knowledge your
noun · construct
הִיא
hi'
it
pronoun
שׁוֹבְבָתֶךְ
sho·va·tekh
it has led away you
verb · piel · perfect
וַתֹּאמְרִי
va·tom·ri
and you said
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
בְלִבֵּךְ
ve·li·bekh
in heart your
noun · construct
אֲנִי
'a·ni
I
pronoun
וְאַפְסִי
ve·'af·si
and only I
noun · construct
עוֹד
od
[am] yet
adjective · absolute
You were secure in your wickedness; you said, ‘No one sees me.’ Your wisdom and knowledge led you astray; you told yourself, ‘I am, and there is none besides me.’
וּבָא
u·va'
and it will come
verb · qal · weqatal
עָלַיִךְ
'a·la·yikh
on you
preposition
רָעָה
ra·'ah
calamity
noun · absolute
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
תֵדְעִי
te·de·'i
you will know
verb · qal · imperfect
שַׁחְרָהּ
shach·rah
to charm away it
verb · piel · infinitive
וְתִפֹּל
ve·ti·pol
and it may fall
verb · qal · and + imperfect
עָלַיִךְ
'a·la·yikh
on you
preposition
הֹוָה
ho·vah
disaster
noun · absolute
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
תוּכְלִי
tu·khe·li
you will be able
verb · qal · imperfect
כַּפְּרָהּ
ka·pe·rah
to cover it
verb · piel · infinitive
וְתָבֹא
ve·ta·vo'
and it may come
verb · qal · and + imperfect
עָלַיִךְ
'a·la·yikh
on you
preposition
פִּתְאֹם
pit·'om
suddenly
adverb
שׁוֹאָה
sho·'ah
ruin
noun · absolute
לֹא
lo'
[which] not
particle
תֵדָעִי
te·da·'i
you will know
verb · qal · imperfect
But disaster will come upon you; you will not know how to charm it away. A calamity will befall you that you will be unable to ward off. Devastation will happen to you suddenly and unexpectedly.
עִמְדִי־
'im·di-
stand
verb · qal · imperative
נָא
na'
please
particle
בַחֲבָרַיִךְ
va·cha·va·ra·yikh
in spells your
noun · construct
וּבְרֹב
u·ve·ro
and in [the] abundance of
noun · construct
כְּשָׁפַיִךְ
ke·sha·fa·yikh
sorceries your
noun · construct
בַּאֲשֶׁר
ba·'a·sher
in which
particle
יָגַעַתְּ
ya·ga·'at
you have labored
verb · qal · perfect
מִנְּעוּרָיִךְ
mi·ne·'u·ra·yikh
since youth(s) your
noun · construct
אוּלַי
'u·lai
perhaps
adverb
תּוּכְלִי
tu·khe·li
you will be able
verb · qal · imperfect
הוֹעִיל
ho·'il
to profit
verb · hiphil · infinitive
אוּלַי
'u·lai
perhaps
adverb
תַּעֲרוֹצִי
ta·'a·ro·tzi
you will inspire awe
verb · qal · imperfect
So take your stand with your spells and with your many sorceries, with which you have wearied yourself from your youth. Perhaps you will succeed; perhaps you will inspire terror!
נִלְאֵית
nil·'eit
you have become weary
verb · niphal · perfect
בְּרֹב
be·ro
with [the] abundance of
noun · construct
עֲצָתָיִךְ
'a·tza·ta·yikh
counsels your
noun · construct
יַעַמְדוּ־
ya·'am·du-
let them stand
verb · qal · imperfect
נָא
na'
please
particle
וְיוֹשִׁיעֻךְ
ve·yo·shi·'ukh
and let them deliver you
verb · hiphil · and + imperfect
הֹבְרֵי
ha·ve·ru
[those who] divide
verb · qal · participle
שָׁמַיִם
sha·ma·yim
(of) [the] heavens
noun · absolute
הַחֹזִים
ha·cho·zim
those [who] look
verb · qal · participle
בַּכּוֹכָבִים
ba·ko·kha·vim
on the stars
noun · absolute
מוֹדִיעִם
mo·di·'im
[those who] make known
verb · hiphil · participle
לֶחֳדָשִׁים
le·cho·da·shim
to the new moons
noun · absolute
מֵאֲשֶׁר
me·'a·sher
from [the things] which
particle
יָבֹאוּ
ya·vo·'u
they will come
verb · qal · imperfect
עָלָיִךְ
'a·la·yikh
on you
preposition
You are wearied by your many counselors; let them come forward now and save you— your astrologers who observe the stars, who monthly predict your fate.
הִנֵּה
hi·neh
there
particle
הָיוּ
ha·yu
they have become
verb · qal · perfect
כְקַשׁ
khe·kash
like chaff
noun · absolute
אֵשׁ
'esh
a fire
noun · absolute
שְׂרָפָתַם
se·ra·fa·tam
it has burned them
verb · qal · perfect
לֹא־
lo'-
not
particle
יַצִּילוּ
ya·tzi·lu
they will deliver
verb · hiphil · imperfect
אֶת־
'et-
(marks the object)
object indicator
נַפְשָׁם
naf·sham
self their
noun · construct
מִיַּד
mi·yad
from [the] hand of
noun · construct
לֶהָבָה
le·ha·vah
[the] flame
noun · absolute
אֵין־
'ein-
there not
noun · construct
גַּחֶלֶת
ga·che·let
[will be] coal
noun · absolute
לַחְמָם
lach·mam
to warm them
verb · qal · infinitive
אוּר
'ur
a fire
noun · absolute
לָשֶׁבֶת
la·she·vet
to sit
verb · qal · infinitive
נֶגְדּוֹ
neg·do
before it
adjective · construct
Surely they are like stubble; the fire will burn them up. They cannot deliver themselves from the power of the flame. There will be no coals to warm them or fire to sit beside.
כֵּן
ken
thus
adverb
הָיוּ־
ha·yu-
they have become
verb · qal · perfect
לָךְ
lakh
for you
suffix
אֲשֶׁר
'a·sher
[those] whom
particle
יָגָעַתְּ
ya·ga·'at
you have labored
verb · qal · perfect
סֹחֲרַיִךְ
so·cha·ra·yikh
traders your
verb · qal · participle
מִנְּעוּרַיִךְ
mi·ne·'u·ra·yikh
since youth(s) your
noun · construct
אִישׁ
'ish
everyone
noun · absolute
לְעֶבְרוֹ
le·'ev·ro
to side his
noun · construct
תָּעוּ
ta·'u
they have wandered
verb · qal · perfect
אֵין
'ein
there not
noun · construct
מוֹשִׁיעֵךְ ס
mo·shi·'ekh
[is] a deliverer for you
verb · hiphil · participle
This is what they are to you — those with whom you have labored and traded from youth— each one strays in his own direction; not one of them can save you.’’
Isaiah 46
Isaiah 48
Grammar, simply: what the labels mean · Look up a word
English: Berean Standard Bible (public domain). Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Grammar from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Sentence structure and references from MACULA Greek and Hebrew (Biblica / Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meaning groups from the UBS MARBLE Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Greek, based on Louw & Nida. Words marked with a dotted line are found in only some manuscripts.