Study notes

1 Chronicles 6

Introducing 1 ChroniclesWho wrote it, when, why, and what to look for as you read

1:1–9:34 Section

The family lines recorded in 1 Chronicles start with Adam. They stop around the year 538 BC. That is when Cyrus allowed Jews living in Babylon to return to Judah.

These family lines were a short way to describe the entire history of God’s people. That history was told in the books of the Bible from Genesis to 2 Kings. After Adam, the family lines follow many people that God chose to make a covenant with. This includes Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and David.

The family lines also follow people groups that God didn’t make a covenant with. This includes the families of Ishmael and Esau. These families were important in the history of the 12 tribes of Israel. The family lines follow Jacob’s sons except for Dan and Zebulun. They were part of the northern kingdom.

1 Chronicles made something clear about the tribes of the northern kingdom. They never returned from Assyria. That is where they had been forced to live in exile. 1 Chronicles also made something clear about God. God answered people who cried out to him and trusted him for help. This was true when Jabesh prayed (prayer). It was true when the tribes east of the River Jordan prayed during a battle.

The family lines focus on the tribes of Judah and of Levi and on King David. 1 Chronicles follows these family lines until the end of the exile of the southern kingdom. This helped Jews to understand something important. They had faced the covenant curses. They had been forced to leave the land God had given them. But God was still faithful to them. Those who had returned to Judah should remember David’s example. They should remember the example of the Levites David appointed. They should obey the Mount Sinai covenant and worship God faithfully.

6:1

The three sons of Levi are mentioned, but their family trees are given after the list of high priests.

6:1–81

This section highlights the importance of the priestly tribe of Levi due to its central position in the genealogical lists.

6:2–15

After the exile in Babylon, the Judean community needed to confirm the legitimate ancestry of the priests. This genealogy of Kohath linked the ancestors from the Pentateuch to the high priests up to Judah's exile in 586 BC. Other records connected the priests after the exile to this lineage (see Ezra 3:2; 7:1–6; Haggai 1:1). Not all high priests were included in this list.

6:10

Most Old Testament scholars agree that the phrase about the high priest at the Temple built by Solomon in Jerusalem should be in 1 Chronicles 6:9 (related to the first Azariah). They believe a scribal error changed the order. Correcting this shows 12 generations between Aaron and the Temple's construction, matching the date in 1 Kings 6:1 (480 years equals 12 generations of 40 years each in numerical typology). The correction also shows 12 generations between the Temple's construction under Azariah and its rebuilding under Jeshua (Ezra 3:2).

6:27

When Samuel worked for Eli, he took on a role similar to a Levite (1 Samuel 3:1).

6:33

Heman was the lead singer among David’s musicians (see Psalm 88:1).

6:49

This explanation of the priests' rights introduces the following list.

6:54–81

The list of Levitical cities comes from Joshua 21. It follows a geographical order, with families grouped by specific areas. This list shows Israel's unity and completeness. It presents the Levites as settled in the land just like the other tribes.

Verse notes: Adapted by Mission Mutual (Aquifer Open Study Notes) from Tyndale Open Study Notes © 2023 Tyndale House Publishers. CC BY-SA 4.0. Section notes: Biblica Study Notes © 2023 Biblica, Inc. CC BY-SA 4.0, via BibleAquifer. About the sources