Greek, word by word
Words
Sentence flow
Say it
Grammar
Colours
English
Each line is one clause. Indented lines depend on the line above them: “that…”, “so that…”, “who…”.
Tap any word to see what it means, its grammar in plain English and who it refers to.
Σὺ
Su
You yourself
personal pronoun · nominative
οὖν
oun
therefore
conjunction
τέκνον
teknon
child
noun · vocative
μου
mou
of mine
personal pronoun · genitive
ἐνδυναμοῦ
endunamou
do be strong
verb · present · imperative
ἐν
en
in
preposition
τῇ
tēa
the
definite article · dative
χάριτι
chariti
grace
noun · dative
τῇ
tēa
that [is]
definite article · dative
ἐν
en
in
preposition
Χριστῷ
Christō
Christ
noun · dative
Ἰησοῦ
Iēsou
Jesus
noun · dative
You therefore, my child, be strong in the grace that is in Christ Jesus.
καὶ
kai
And
conjunction
ἃ
ha
[the things] which
relative pronoun · accusative
ἤκουσας
ēkousas
you have heard
verb · aorist · indicative
παρ
par᾽
from
preposition
ἐμοῦ
emou
me
possessive pronoun · genitive
διὰ
dia
among
preposition
πολλῶν
pollōn
many
adjective · genitive
μαρτύρων
marturōn
witnesses
noun · genitive
ταῦτα
tauta
these
demonstrative pronoun · accusative
παράθου
parathou
do yourself entrust
verb · 2nd aorist · imperative
πιστοῖς
pistois
to faithful
adjective · dative
ἀνθρώποις
anthrōpois
men
noun · dative
οἵτινες
oitines
such as
relative pronoun · nominative
ἱκανοὶ
hikanoi
sufficient
adjective · nominative
ἔσονται
esontai
will be
verb · future · indicative
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
ἑτέρους
heterous
others
adjective · accusative
διδάξαι
didaxai
to teach
verb · aorist · infinitive
And the things that you have heard me say among many witnesses, entrust these to faithful men who will be qualified to teach others as well.
σὺ
su
you yourself
personal pronoun · nominative
οὖν
oun
therefore
conjunction
συγκακοπάθησον
sugkakopathēson
do share in suffering
verb · aorist · imperative
ὡς
hōs
as
particle or disjunctive
καλὸς
kalos
[a] good
adjective · nominative
στρατιώτης
stratiōtēs
soldier
noun · nominative
Χριστοῦ
Christou
of Christ
noun · genitive
Ἰησοῦ
Iēsou
Jesus
noun · genitive
Join me in suffering, like a good soldier of Christ Jesus.
οὐδεὶς
oudeis
No [one]
adjective · nominative
στρατευόμενος
strateuomenos
serving as a soldier
verb · present · participle
ἐμπλέκεται
empleketai
entangles himself
verb · present · indicative
ταῖς
tais
in the
definite article · dative
τοῦ
tou
of this
definite article · genitive
βίου
biou
life
noun · genitive
πραγματείαις
pragmateiais
affairs
noun · dative
ἵνα
ina
so that
conjunction
τῷ
tō
the [one]
definite article · dative
στρατολογήσαντι
stratologēsanti
having enlisted him
verb · aorist · participle
ἀρέσῃ
aresē
he may please
verb · aorist · subjunctive
A soldier refrains from entangling himself in civilian affairs, in order to please the one who enlisted him.
ἐὰν
ean
If
conjunction
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
ἀθλῇ
athlēa
shall compete
verb · present · subjunctive
τις
tis
anyone
indefinite pronoun · nominative
οὐ
ou
not
negative particle
στεφανοῦται
stephanoutai
he is crowned
verb · present · indicative
ἐὰν
ean
only
conjunction
μὴ
mē
unless
negative particle
νομίμως
nomimōs
lawfully
adverb
ἀθλήσῃ
athlēsē
he shall compete
verb · aorist · subjunctive
Likewise, a competitor does not receive the crown unless he competes according to the rules.
τὸν
ton
For the
definite article · accusative
κοπιῶντα
kopiōnta
hardworking
verb · present · participle
γεωργὸν
geōrgon
farmer
noun · accusative
δεῖ
dei
it is necessary
verb · present · indicative
πρῶτον
prōton
first
adjective · accusative
τῶν
tōn
of the
definite article · genitive
καρπῶν
karpōn
fruits
noun · genitive
μεταλαμβάνειν
metalambanein
to partake
verb · present · infinitive
The hardworking farmer should be the first to partake of the crops.
νόει
noei
do consider
verb · present · imperative
ὃ
ho
[the] thing
relative pronoun · accusative
λέγω
legō
I am saying
verb · present · indicative
δώσει
dōsei
will grant
verb · future · indicative
γάρ
gar
for
conjunction
σοι
soi
you
personal pronoun · dative
ὁ
ho
the
definite article · nominative
κύριος
kurios
Lord
noun · nominative
σύνεσιν
sunesin
understanding
noun · accusative
ἐν
en
in
preposition
πᾶσιν.¶
pasin
all things
adjective · dative
Consider what I am saying, for the Lord will give you insight into all things.
Μνημόνευε
Mnēmoneue
do remember
verb · present · imperative
Ἰησοῦν
Iēsoun
Jesus
noun · accusative
Χριστὸν
Christon
Christ
noun · accusative
ἐγηγερμένον
egēgermenon
raised
verb · perfect · participle
ἐκ
ek
out from
preposition
νεκρῶν
nekrōn
[the] dead
adjective · genitive
ἐκ
ek
from [the]
preposition
σπέρματος
spermatos
seed
noun · genitive
Δαυὶδ
Dauid
of David
noun · genitive
κατὰ
kata
according to
preposition
τὸ
to
(the)
definite article · accusative
εὐαγγέλιόν
euangelion
gospel
noun · accusative
μου
mou
of mine
personal pronoun · genitive
Remember Jesus Christ, raised from the dead, descended from David, as proclaimed by my gospel,
ἐν
en
in
preposition
ᾧ
hō
which
relative pronoun · dative
κακοπαθῶ
kakopathō
I suffer hardship
verb · present · indicative
μέχρι
mechri
even to
preposition
δεσμῶν
desmōn
chains
noun · genitive
ὡς
hōs
as
particle or disjunctive
κακοῦργος
kakourgos
an evildoer
adjective · nominative
ἀλλ
all᾽
But
conjunction
ὁ
ho
the
definite article · nominative
λόγος
logos
word
noun · nominative
τοῦ
tou
(the)
definite article · genitive
θεοῦ
theou
of God
noun · genitive
οὐ
ou
not
negative particle
δέδεται
dedetai
has been bound
verb · perfect · indicative
for which I suffer to the extent of being chained like a criminal. But the word of God cannot be chained!
διὰ
dia
Because of
preposition
τοῦτο
touto
this
demonstrative pronoun · accusative
πάντα
panta
all things
adjective · accusative
ὑπομένω
hupomenō
I endure
verb · present · indicative
διὰ
dia
for the sake of
preposition
τοὺς
tous
the
definite article · accusative
ἐκλεκτούς
eklektous
elect
adjective · accusative
ἵνα
ina
so that
conjunction
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
αὐτοὶ
autoi
they themselves
personal pronoun · nominative
σωτηρίας
sōtērias
[the] salvation
noun · genitive
τύχωσιν
tuchōsin
may obtain
verb · 2nd aorist · subjunctive
τῆς
tēs
that [is]
definite article · genitive
ἐν
en
in
preposition
Χριστῷ
Christō
Christ
noun · dative
Ἰησοῦ
Iēsou
Jesus
noun · dative
μετὰ
meta
with
preposition
δόξης
doxēs
glory
noun · genitive
αἰωνίου.¶
aiōniou
eternal
adjective · genitive
For this reason I endure all things for the sake of the elect, so that they too may obtain the salvation that is in Christ Jesus, with eternal glory.
Πιστὸς
Pistos
Trustworthy [is]
adjective · nominative
ὁ
ho
the
definite article · nominative
λόγος
logos
saying
noun · nominative
εἰ
ei
If
conjunction
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
συναπεθάνομεν
sunapethanomen
we have died with [Him]
verb · 2nd aorist · indicative
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
συζήσομεν
suzēsomen
we will live with [Him]
verb · future · indicative
This is a trustworthy saying: If we died with Him, we will also live with Him;
εἰ
ei
if
conjunction
ὑπομένομεν
hupomenomen
we endure
verb · present · indicative
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
συμβασιλεύσομεν
sumbasileusomen
we will reign with [Him]
verb · future · indicative
εἰ
ei
if
conjunction
ἀρνησόμεθα
arnēsometha
we will deny [Him]
verb · future · indicative
κἀκεῖνος
kakeinos
He also
conjunction
ἀρνήσεται
arnēsetai
will deny
verb · future · indicative
ἡμᾶς
hēmas
us
personal pronoun · accusative
if we endure, we will also reign with Him; if we deny Him, He will also deny us;
εἰ
ei
if
conjunction
ἀπιστοῦμεν
apistoumen
we are faithless
verb · present · indicative
ἐκεῖνος
ekeinos
He
demonstrative pronoun · nominative
πιστὸς
pistos
faithful
adjective · nominative
μένει
menei
remains
verb · present · indicative
ἀρνήσασθαι
arnēsasthai
to deny
verb · aorist · infinitive
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
ἑαυτὸν
he'auton
Himself
reflexive pronoun · accusative
οὐ
ou
not
negative particle
δύναται.¶
dunatai
He is able
verb · present · indicative
if we are faithless, He remains faithful, for He cannot deny Himself.
Ταῦτα
Tauta
These things
demonstrative pronoun · accusative
ὑπομίμνῃσκε
hupomimnēske
do remind [them]
verb · present · imperative
διαμαρτυρόμενος
diamarturomenos
solemnly charging [them]
verb · present · participle
ἐνώπιον
enōpion
before
preposition
τοῦ
tou
(the)
definite article · genitive
θεοῦ
theou
God
noun · genitive
μὴ
mē
not
negative particle
λογομαχεῖν
logomachein
to quarrel about words
verb · present · infinitive
ἐπ
ep᾽
upon
preposition
οὐδὲν
ouden
no [thing]
adjective · accusative
χρήσιμον
chrēsimon
profitable
adjective · accusative
ἐπὶ
epi
[but] to
preposition
καταστροφῇ
katastrophēa
[the] subversion
noun · dative
τῶν
tōn
of those
definite article · genitive
ἀκουόντων
akouontōn
hearing
verb · present · participle
Remind the believers of these things, charging them before God to avoid quarreling over words, which succeeds only in leading the listeners to ruin.
σπούδασον
spoudason
do hasten
verb · aorist · imperative
σεαυτὸν
seauton
yourself
reflexive pronoun · accusative
δόκιμον
dokimon
approved
adjective · accusative
παραστῆσαι
parastēsai
to present
verb · 2nd aorist · infinitive
τῷ
tō
(the)
definite article · dative
θεῷ
theō
to God
noun · dative
ἐργάτην
ergatēn
a workman
noun · accusative
ἀνεπαίσχυντον
anepaischunton
not ashamed
adjective · accusative
ὀρθοτομοῦντα
orthotomounta
accurately handling
verb · present · participle
τὸν
ton
the
definite article · accusative
λόγον
logon
word
noun · accusative
τῆς
tēs
(the)
definite article · genitive
ἀληθείας.¶
alētheias
of truth
noun · genitive
Make every effort to present yourself approved to God, an unashamed workman who accurately handles the word of truth.
Τὰς
Tas
(the)
definite article · accusative
δὲ
de
But
conjunction
βεβήλους
bebēlous
worldly
adjective · accusative
κενοφωνίας
kenophōnias
empty babblings
noun · accusative
περιΐστασο
periistaso
do yourself avoid
verb · present · imperative
ἐπὶ
epi
on
preposition
πλεῖον
pleion
to more
adjective · accusative
γὰρ
gar
for
conjunction
προκόψουσιν
prokopsousin
they will lead
verb · future · indicative
ἀσεβείας
asebeias
to ungodliness
noun · genitive
But avoid irreverent, empty chatter, which will only lead to more ungodliness,
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ὁ
ho
the
definite article · nominative
λόγος
logos
talk
noun · nominative
αὐτῶν
autōn
of them
personal pronoun · genitive
ὡς
hōs
like
particle or disjunctive
γάγγραινα
gangraina
gangrene
noun · nominative
νομὴν
nomēn
pasture to grow
noun · accusative
ἕξει
hexei
will have
verb · future · indicative
ὧν
hōn
among whom
relative pronoun · genitive
ἐστιν
estin
are
verb · present · indicative
Ὑμέναιος
Humenaios
Hymenaeus
noun · nominative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
Φίλητος
Philētos
Philetus
noun · nominative
and the talk of such men will spread like gangrene. Among them are Hymenaeus and Philetus,
οἵτινες
oitines
who
relative pronoun · nominative
περὶ
peri
concerning
preposition
τὴν
tēn
the
definite article · accusative
ἀλήθειαν
alētheian
truth
noun · accusative
ἠστόχησαν
ēstochēsan
went astray
verb · aorist · indicative
λέγοντες
legontes
asserting
verb · present · participle
τὴν
tēn
the
definite article · accusative
ἀνάστασιν
anastasin
resurrection
noun · accusative
ἤδη
ēdē
already
adverb
γεγονέναι
gegonenai
to have taken place
verb · 2nd perfect · infinitive
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἀνατρέπουσιν
anatrepousin
they are overthrowing
verb · present · indicative
τήν
tēn
the
definite article · accusative
τινων
tinōn
of some
indefinite pronoun · genitive
πίστιν
pistin
faith
noun · accusative
who have deviated from the truth. They say that the resurrection has already occurred, and they undermine the faith of some.
ὁ
ho
(the)
definite article · nominative
μέντοι
mentoi
Nevertheless
conjunction
στερεὸς
stereos
the firm
adjective · nominative
θεμέλιος
themelios
foundation
noun · nominative
τοῦ
tou
(the)
definite article · genitive
θεοῦ
theou
of God
noun · genitive
ἕστηκεν
hestēken
has stood
verb · perfect · indicative
ἔχων
echōn
having
verb · present · participle
τὴν
tēn
(the)
definite article · accusative
σφραγῖδα
sphragida
seal
noun · accusative
ταύτην
tautēn
this
demonstrative pronoun · accusative
ἔγνω
egnō
Knows
verb · 2nd aorist · indicative
κύριος
kurios
[the] Lord
noun · nominative
τοὺς
tous
those
definite article · accusative
ὄντας
ontas
being
verb · present · participle
αὐτοῦ
autou
His
personal pronoun · genitive
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἀποστήτω
apostētō
should depart
verb · 2nd aorist · imperative
ἀπὸ
apo
from
preposition
ἀδικίας
adikias
iniquity
noun · genitive
πᾶς
pas
everyone
adjective · nominative
ὁ
ho
who
definite article · nominative
ὀνομάζων
onomazōn
is naming
verb · present · participle
τὸ
to
the
definite article · accusative
ὄνομα
onoma
name
noun · accusative
κυρίου.¶
kuriou
of the Lord
noun · genitive
Nevertheless, God’s firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: “ The Lord knows those who are His,” and, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord must turn away from iniquity.”
Ἐν
En
In
preposition
μεγάλῃ
megalē
a great
adjective · dative
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
οἰκίᾳ
oikia
house
noun · dative
οὐκ
ouk
not
negative particle
ἔστιν
estin
there are
verb · present · indicative
μόνον
monon
only
adjective · accusative
σκεύη
skeuē
vessels
noun · nominative
χρυσᾶ
chrusa
golden
adjective · nominative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἀργυρᾶ
argura
silver
adjective · nominative
ἀλλὰ
alla
but
conjunction
καὶ
kai
also
conjunction
ξύλινα
xulina
wooden
adjective · nominative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ὀστράκινα
ostrakina
earthen
adjective · nominative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἃ
ha
some
relative pronoun · nominative
μὲν
men
indeed
particle or disjunctive
εἰς
eis
unto
preposition
τιμὴν
timēn
honor
noun · accusative
ἃ
ha
some
relative pronoun · nominative
δὲ
de
however
conjunction
εἰς
eis
unto
preposition
ἀτιμίαν
atimian
dishonor
noun · accusative
A large house contains not only vessels of gold and silver, but also of wood and clay. Some indeed are for honorable use, but others are for common use.
ἐὰν
ean
If
conjunction
οὖν
oun
therefore
conjunction
τις
tis
anyone
indefinite pronoun · nominative
ἐκκαθάρῃ
ekkatharē
shall cleanse
verb · aorist · subjunctive
ἑαυτὸν
he'auton
himself
reflexive pronoun · accusative
ἀπὸ
apo
from
preposition
τούτων
toutōn
these
demonstrative pronoun · genitive
ἔσται
estai
he will be
verb · future · indicative
σκεῦος
skeuos
a vessel
noun · nominative
εἰς
eis
for
preposition
τιμὴν
timēn
honor
noun · accusative
ἡγιασμένον
hēgiasmenon
sanctified
verb · perfect · participle
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
εὔχρηστον
euchrēston
useful
adjective · nominative
τῷ
tō
to the
definite article · dative
δεσπότῃ
despotē
Master
noun · dative
εἰς
eis
for
preposition
πᾶν
pan
every
adjective · accusative
ἔργον
ergon
work
noun · accusative
ἀγαθὸν
agathon
good
adjective · accusative
ἡτοιμασμένον.¶
hētoimasmenon
prepared
verb · perfect · participle
So if anyone cleanses himself of what is unfit, he will be a vessel for honor: sanctified, useful to the Master, and prepared for every good work.
Τὰς
Tas
(the)
definite article · accusative
δὲ
de
And
conjunction
νεωτερικὰς
neōterikas
youthful
adjective · accusative
ἐπιθυμίας
epithumias
lusts
noun · accusative
φεῦγε
pheuge
do flee
verb · present · imperative
δίωκε
diōke
do pursue
verb · present · imperative
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
δικαιοσύνην
dikaiosunēn
righteousness
noun · accusative
πίστιν
pistin
faith
noun · accusative
ἀγάπην
agapēn
love
noun · accusative
εἰρήνην
eirēnēn
[and] peace
noun · accusative
μετὰ
meta
along with
preposition
τῶν
tōn
those
definite article · genitive
ἐπικαλουμένων
epikaloumenōn
calling on
verb · present · participle
τὸν
ton
the
definite article · accusative
κύριον
kurion
Lord
noun · accusative
ἐκ
ek
out of
preposition
καθαρᾶς
katharas
pure
adjective · genitive
καρδίας
kardias
a heart
noun · genitive
Flee from youthful passions and pursue righteousness, faith, love, and peace, together with those who call on the Lord out of a pure heart.
τὰς
tas
(the)
definite article · accusative
δὲ
de
And
conjunction
μωρὰς
mōras
foolish
adjective · accusative
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἀπαιδεύτους
apaideutous
ignorant
adjective · accusative
ζητήσεις
zētēseis
speculations
noun · accusative
παραιτοῦ
paraitou
do refuse
verb · present · imperative
εἰδὼς
eidōs
knowing
verb · perfect · participle
ὅτι
hoti
that
conjunction
γεννῶσιν
gennōsin
they breed
verb · present · indicative
μάχας
machas
quarrels
noun · accusative
But reject foolish and ignorant speculation, for you know that it breeds quarreling.
δοῦλον
doulon
[The] bond-servant
noun · accusative
δὲ
de
now
conjunction
κυρίου
kuriou
of [the] Lord
noun · genitive
οὐ
ou
not
negative particle
δεῖ
dei
it behooves
verb · present · indicative
μάχεσθαι
machesthai
to quarrel
verb · present · infinitive
ἀλλ
all᾽
but
conjunction
ἤπιον
ēpion
gentle
adjective · accusative
εἶναι
einai
to be
verb · present · infinitive
πρὸς
pros
toward
preposition
πάντας
pantas
all
adjective · accusative
διδακτικόν
didaktikon
able to teach
adjective · accusative
ἀνεξίκακον
anexikakon
forbearing
adjective · accusative
And a servant of the Lord must not be quarrelsome, but must be kind to everyone, able to teach, and forbearing.
ἐν
en
in
preposition
πραΰτητι
prautēti
gentleness
noun · dative
παιδεύοντα
paideuonta
disciplining
verb · present · participle
τοὺς
tous
those
definite article · accusative
ἀντιδιατιθεμένους
antidiatithemenous
opposing
verb · present · participle
μήποτε
mēpote
otherwise
negative particle
δώῃ
dōē
he may give
verb · 2nd aorist · subjunctive
αὐτοῖς
autois
to them
personal pronoun · dative
ὁ
ho
(the)
definite article · nominative
θεὸς
theos
God
noun · nominative
μετάνοιαν
metanoian
repentance
noun · accusative
εἰς
eis
unto
preposition
ἐπίγνωσιν
epignōsin
a knowledge
noun · accusative
ἀληθείας
alētheias
of [the] truth
noun · genitive
He must gently reprove those who oppose him, in the hope that God may grant them repentance leading to a knowledge of the truth.
καὶ
kai
and
conjunction
ἀνανήψωσιν
ananēpsōsin
they may recover
verb · aorist · subjunctive
ἐκ
ek
out of
preposition
τῆς
tēs
the
definite article · genitive
τοῦ
tou
of the
definite article · genitive
διαβόλου
diabolou
devil
adjective · genitive
παγίδος
pagidos
snare
noun · genitive
ἐζωγρημένοι
ezōgrēmenoi
captured
verb · perfect · participle
ὑπ
hup᾽
by
preposition
αὐτοῦ
autou
him
personal pronoun · genitive
εἰς
eis
for
preposition
τὸ
to
(the)
definite article · accusative
ἐκείνου
ekeinou
his
demonstrative pronoun · genitive
θέλημα.¶
thelēma
will
noun · accusative
Then they will come to their senses and escape the snare of the devil, who has taken them captive to his will.
2 Timothy 1
2 Timothy 3
Grammar, simply: what the labels mean · Look up a word
English: Berean Standard Bible (public domain). Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Grammar from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Sentence structure and references from MACULA Greek and Hebrew (Biblica / Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meaning groups from the UBS MARBLE Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Greek, based on Louw & Nida. Words marked with a dotted line are found in only some manuscripts.