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מַשָּׂא
ma·sa'
[the] oracle of
noun · construct
דַּמָּשֶׂק
da·ma·sek
Damascus
noun
הִנֵּה
hi·neh
there
particle
דַמֶּשֶׂק
da·me·sek
Damascus
noun
מוּסָר
mu·sar
[is] about to be removed
verb · hophal · participle
מֵעִיר
me·'ir
from a city
noun · absolute
וְהָיְתָה
ve·ha·ye·tah
and it will be
verb · qal · weqatal
מְעִי
me·'i
a ruin of
noun · construct
מַפָּלָה
ma·pa·lah
a ruin
noun · absolute
This is the burden against Damascus: “Behold, Damascus is no longer a city; it has become a heap of ruins.
עֲזֻבוֹת
a·zu·vot
[will be] abandoned
verb · qal · participle
עָרֵי
'a·rei
[the] cities of
noun · construct
עֲרֹעֵר
'a·ro·'er
Aroer
noun
לַעֲדָרִים
la·'a·da·rim
for flocks
noun · absolute
תִּהְיֶינָה
tih·yei·nah
they will be
verb · qal · imperfect
וְרָבְצוּ
ve·ra·ve·tzu
and they will lie down
verb · qal · weqatal
וְאֵין
ve·'ein
and there not
noun · construct
מַחֲרִיד
ma·cha·rid
[will be one who] terrifies
verb · hiphil · participle
The cities of Aroer are forsaken; they will be left to the flocks, which will lie down with no one to fear.
וְנִשְׁבַּת
ve·nish·bat
and it will cease
verb · niphal · weqatal
מִבְצָר
miv·tzar
fortress
noun · absolute
מֵאֶפְרַיִם
me·'ef·ra·yim
from Ephraim
noun
וּמַמְלָכָה
u·mam·la·khah
and kingship
noun · absolute
מִדַּמֶּשֶׂק
mi·da·me·sek
from Damascus
noun
וּשְׁאָר
u·she·'ar
and [the] remnant of
noun · construct
אֲרָם
'a·ram
Aram
noun
כִּכְבוֹד
kikh·vod
like [the] glory of
noun · construct
בְּנֵי־
be·nei-
[the] people of
noun · construct
יִשְׂרָאֵל
yis·ra·'el
Israel
noun
יִהְיוּ
yih·yu
they will be
verb · qal · imperfect
נְאֻם
ne·'um
[the] utterance of
noun · construct
יְהוָה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
צְבָאוֹת ס
tze·va·'ot
of hosts
noun · absolute
The fortress will disappear from Ephraim, and the sovereignty from Damascus. The remnant of Aram will be like the splendor of the Israelites,” declares the LORD of Hosts.
וְהָיָה
ve·ha·yah
and it will be
verb · qal · weqatal
בַּיּוֹם
bai·yom
in the day
noun · absolute
הַהוּא
ha·hu'
(the) that
pronoun
יִדַּל
yi·dal
it will become low
verb · qal · imperfect
כְּבוֹד
ke·vod
[the] glory of
noun · construct
יַעֲקֹב
ya·'a·ko
Jacob
noun
וּמִשְׁמַן
u·mish·man
and [the] fatness of
noun · construct
בְּשָׂרוֹ
be·sa·ro
flesh its
noun · construct
יֵרָזֶה
ye·ra·zeh
it will be made lean
verb · niphal · imperfect
“In that day the splendor of Jacob will fade, and the fat of his body will waste away,
וְהָיָה
ve·ha·yah
and it will be
verb · qal · weqatal
כֶּאֱסֹף
ke·'e·sof
like [the] gathering of
verb · qal · infinitive
קָצִיר
ka·tzir
a harvest of
noun · construct
קָמָה
ka·mah
standing grain
noun · absolute
וּזְרֹעוֹ
u·ze·ro·'o
and arm his
noun · construct
שִׁבֳּלִים
shi·bo·lim
ears of grain
noun · absolute
יִקְצוֹר
yik·tzor
someone will reap
verb · qal · imperfect
וְהָיָה
ve·ha·yah
and it will be
verb · qal · weqatal
כִּמְלַקֵּט
kim·la·ket
like [one who] gathers
verb · piel · participle
שִׁבֳּלִים
shi·bo·lim
ears of grain
noun · absolute
בְּעֵמֶק
be·'e·mek
in [the] valley of
noun · construct
רְפָאִים
re·fa·'im
Rephaim
noun · absolute
as the reaper gathers the standing grain and harvests the ears with his arm, as one gleans heads of grain in the Valley of Rephaim.
וְנִשְׁאַר־
ve·nish·'ar-
and it will be left
verb · niphal · weqatal
בּוֹ
bo
in it
suffix
עוֹלֵלֹת
o·le·lot
gleanings
noun · absolute
כְּנֹקֶף
ke·no·kef
like [the] beating of
noun · construct
זַיִת
za·yit
an olive tree
noun · absolute
שְׁנַיִם
she·na·yim
two
adjective · absolute
שְׁלֹשָׁה
she·lo·shah
three
adjective · absolute
גַּרְגְּרִים
gar·ge·rim
olives
noun · absolute
בְּרֹאשׁ
be·rosh
at [the] top of
noun · construct
אָמִיר
'a·mir
[the] tree-top
noun · absolute
אַרְבָּעָה
'ar·ba·'ah
four
adjective · absolute
חֲמִשָּׁה
cha·mi·shah
five
adjective · absolute
בִּסְעִפֶיהָ
bis·'i·fei·ha
on branches its
noun · construct
פֹּרִיָּה
po·ri·yah
fruit-bearing
verb · qal · participle
נְאֻם־
ne·'um-
[the] utterance of
noun · construct
יְהוָה
yah·weh
Yahweh
noun
אֱלֹהֵי
'e·lo·hei
[the] God of
noun · construct
יִשְׂרָאֵל ס
yis·ra·'el
Israel
noun
Yet gleanings will remain, like an olive tree that has been beaten— two or three berries atop the tree, four or five on its fruitful branches,” declares the LORD, the God of Israel.
בַּיּוֹם
bai·yom
in the day
noun · absolute
הַהוּא
ha·hu'
(the) that
pronoun
יִשְׁעֶה
yish·'eh
he will look
verb · qal · imperfect
הָאָדָם
ha·'a·dam
(the) person
noun · absolute
עַל־
'al-
on
preposition
עֹשֵׂהוּ
'o·se·hu
maker his
verb · qal · participle
וְעֵינָיו
ve·'ei·nav
and eyes his
noun · construct
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
קְדוֹשׁ
ke·do·osh
[the] holy [one] of
adjective · construct
יִשְׂרָאֵל
yis·ra·'el
Israel
noun
תִּרְאֶינָה
tir·'ei·nah
they will see
verb · qal · imperfect
In that day men will look to their Maker and turn their eyes to the Holy One of Israel.
וְלֹא
ve·lo'
and not
particle
יִשְׁעֶה
yish·'eh
he will look
verb · qal · imperfect
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
הַמִּזְבְּחוֹת
ha·miz·be·chot
the altars
noun · absolute
מַעֲשֵׂה
ma·'a·seh
[the] work of
noun · construct
יָדָיו
ya·dav
hands his
noun · construct
וַאֲשֶׁר
va·'a·sher
and [that] which
particle
עָשׂוּ
'a·su
they have made
verb · qal · perfect
אֶצְבְּעֹתָיו
'etz·be·'o·tav
fingers his
noun · construct
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
יִרְאֶה
yir·'eh
he will see
verb · qal · imperfect
וְהָאֲשֵׁרִים
ve·ha·'a·she·rim
and the Asherah poles
noun · absolute
וְהָחַמָּנִים
ve·ha·cha·ma·nim
and the incense altars
noun · absolute
They will not look to the altars they have fashioned with their hands or to the Asherahs and incense altars they have made with their fingers.
בַּיּוֹם
bai·yom
in the day
noun · absolute
הַהוּא
ha·hu'
(the) that
pronoun
יִהְיוּ
yih·yu
they will be
verb · qal · imperfect
עָרֵי
'a·rei
[the] cities of
noun · construct
מָעֻזּוֹ
ma·'u·zo
refuge his
noun · construct
כַּעֲזוּבַת
ka·'a·zu·vat
like [the] forsaken [place] of
verb · qal · participle
הַחֹרֶשׁ
ha·cho·resh
the forest
noun · absolute
וְהָאָמִיר
ve·ha·'a·mir
and the tree-top
noun · absolute
אֲשֶׁר
'a·sher
which
particle
עָזְבוּ
'a·ze·vu
they abandoned
verb · qal · perfect
מִפְּנֵי
mi·pe·nei
(from) because of
noun · construct
בְּנֵי
be·nei
[the] people of
noun · construct
יִשְׂרָאֵל
yis·ra·'el
Israel
noun
וְהָיְתָה
ve·ha·ye·tah
and it will be
verb · qal · weqatal
שְׁמָמָה
she·ma·mah
a desolation
noun · absolute
In that day their strong cities will be like forsaken thickets and summits, abandoned to the Israelites and to utter desolation.
כִּי
ki
for
particle
שָׁכַחַתְּ
sha·kha·chat
you have forgotten
verb · qal · perfect
אֱלֹהֵי
'e·lo·hei
[the] God of
noun · construct
יִשְׁעֵךְ
yish·'ekh
salvation your
noun · construct
וְצוּר
ve·tzur
and [the] rock of
noun · construct
מָעֻזֵּךְ
ma·'u·zekh
refuge your
noun · construct
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
זָכָרְתְּ
za·kha·ret
you have remembered
verb · qal · perfect
עַל־
'al-
there-
preposition
כֵּן
ken
-fore
adverb
תִּטְּעִי
ti·te·'i
you plant
verb · qal · imperfect
נִטְעֵי
nit·'ei
plantations of
noun · construct
נַעֲמָנִים
na·'a·ma·nim
pleasantness(es)
noun · absolute
וּזְמֹרַת
u·ze·mo·rat
and [the] vine branch of
noun · construct
זָר
zar
a stranger
adjective · absolute
תִּזְרָעֶנּוּ
tiz·ra·'e·nu
you sow it
verb · qal · imperfect
For you have forgotten the God of your salvation and failed to remember the Rock of your refuge. Therefore, though you cultivate delightful plots and set out cuttings from exotic vines —
בְּיוֹם
be·yom
on [the] day of
noun · construct
נִטְעֵךְ
nit·'ekh
planting your
noun · construct
תְּשַׂגְשֵׂגִי
te·sag·se·gi
you cause to grow
verb · piel · imperfect
וּבַבֹּקֶר
u·va·bo·ker
and in the morning
noun · absolute
זַרְעֵךְ
zar·'ekh
seed your
noun · construct
תַּפְרִיחִי
taf·ri·chi
you cause to sprout
verb · hiphil · imperfect
נֵד
ned
a heap
noun · absolute
קָצִיר
ka·tzir
a harvest
noun · absolute
בְּיוֹם
be·yom
in a day of
noun · construct
נַחֲלָה
na·cha·lah
[being] sick
verb · niphal · participle
וּכְאֵב
u·khe·'ev
and pain
noun · absolute
אָנוּשׁ ס
'a·nush
incurable
adjective · absolute
though on the day you plant you make them grow, and on that morning you help your seed sprout — yet the harvest will vanish on the day of disease and incurable pain.
הוֹי
ho
woe to
particle
הֲמוֹן
ha·mon
[the] tumult of
noun · construct
עַמִּים
'a·mim
peoples
noun · absolute
רַבִּים
ra·bim
many
adjective · absolute
כַּהֲמוֹת
ka·ha·mot
as roar
verb · qal · infinitive
יַמִּים
ya·mim
[the] seas
noun · absolute
יֶהֱמָיוּן
ye·he·ma·yun
they roar
verb · qal · imperfect
וּשְׁאוֹן
u·she·'on
and [the] uproar of
noun · construct
לְאֻמִּים
le·'u·mim
nations
noun · absolute
כִּשְׁאוֹן
kish·'on
like [the] uproar of
noun · construct
מַיִם
ma·yim
waters
noun · absolute
כַּבִּירִים
ka·bi·rim
mighty
adjective · absolute
יִשָּׁאוּן
yi·sha·'un
they are in an uproar
verb · niphal · imperfect
Alas, the tumult of many peoples; they rage like the roaring seas and clamoring nations; they rumble like the crashing of mighty waters.
לְאֻמִּים
le·'u·mim
nations
noun · absolute
כִּשְׁאוֹן
kish·'on
like [the] uproar of
noun · construct
מַיִם
ma·yim
waters
noun · absolute
רַבִּים
ra·bim
many
adjective · absolute
יִשָּׁאוּן
yi·sha·'un
they are in an uproar
verb · niphal · imperfect
וְגָעַר
ve·ga·'ar
and he will rebuke
verb · qal · weqatal
בּוֹ
bo
(in) it
suffix
וְנָס
ve·nas
and it will flee
verb · qal · weqatal
מִמֶּרְחָק
mi·mer·chak
from a distance
noun · absolute
וְרֻדַּף
ve·ru·daf
and it will be chased
verb · pual · weqatal
כְּמֹץ
ke·motz
like chaff of
noun · construct
הָרִים
ha·rim
mountains
noun · absolute
לִפְנֵי־
lif·nei-
(to) before
noun · construct
רוּחַ
ru·ach
a wind
noun · absolute
וּכְגַלְגַּל
u·khe·gal·gal
and like whirling dust
noun · absolute
לִפְנֵי
lif·nei
(to) before
noun · construct
סוּפָה
su·fah
a storm-wind
noun · absolute
The nations rage like the rush of many waters. He rebukes them, and they flee far away, driven before the wind like chaff on the hills, like tumbleweeds before a gale.
לְעֵת
le·'et
to a time of
noun · construct
עֶרֶב
'e·rev
evening
noun · absolute
וְהִנֵּה
ve·hi·neh
and there
particle
בַלָּהָה
va·la·hah
sudden terror
noun · absolute
בְּטֶרֶם
be·te·rem
(in) before
adjective · absolute
בֹּקֶר
bo·ker
morning
noun · absolute
אֵינֶנּוּ
'ei·ne·nu
there not [is] it
noun · construct
זֶה
zeh
this
particle
חֵלֶק
che·lek
[will be] [the] portion of
noun · construct
שׁוֹסֵינוּ
sho·sei·nu
[those who] plunder us
verb · qal · participle
וְגוֹרָל
ve·go·ral
and [the] lot
noun · absolute
לְבֹזְזֵינוּ ס
le·vo·ze·zei·nu
of [those who] despoil us
verb · qal · participle
In the evening, there is sudden terror! Before morning, they are no more! This is the portion of those who loot us and the lot of those who plunder us.
Isaiah 16
Isaiah 18
Grammar, simply: what the labels mean · Look up a word
English: Berean Standard Bible (public domain). Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Grammar from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Sentence structure and references from MACULA Greek and Hebrew (Biblica / Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meaning groups from the UBS MARBLE Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Greek, based on Louw & Nida. Words marked with a dotted line are found in only some manuscripts.