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וְעַתָּה
ve·'a·tah
and now
adverb
שָׂחֲקוּ
sa·cha·ku
they have laughed
verb · qal · perfect
עָלַי
'a·lai
on me
preposition
צְעִירִים
tze·'i·rim
[people] young
adjective · absolute
מִמֶּנִּי
mi·me·ni
more than me
preposition
לְיָמִים
le·ya·mim
to days
noun · absolute
אֲשֶׁר־
'a·sher-
whom
particle
מָאַסְתִּי
ma·'as·ti
I rejected
verb · qal · perfect
אֲבוֹתָם
'a·vo·tam
fathers their
noun · construct
לָשִׁית
la·shit
to put
verb · qal · infinitive
עִם־
'im-
with
preposition
כַּלְבֵי
kal·vei
[the] dogs of
noun · construct
צֹאנִי
tzo·ni
flock my
noun · construct
“But now they mock me, men younger than I am, whose fathers I would have refused to put with my sheep dogs.
גַּם־
gam-
also
adverb
כֹּחַ
ko·ach
[the] strength of
noun · construct
יְדֵיהֶם
ye·dei·hem
hands their
noun · construct
לָמָּה
la·mah
(to) why
pronoun
לִּי
li
to (the) me
suffix
עָלֵימוֹ
'a·lei·mov
on them
preposition
אָבַד
'a·vad
it had perished
verb · qal · perfect
כָּלַח
ka·lach
vigor
noun · absolute
What use to me was the strength of their hands, since their vigor had left them?
בְּחֶסֶר
be·che·ser
in poverty
noun · absolute
וּבְכָפָן
u·ve·kha·fan
and in hunger
noun · absolute
גַּלְמוּד
gal·mud
barren
adjective · absolute
הַעֹרְקִים
ha·'o·re·kim
the [ones who] gnaw
verb · qal · participle
צִיָּה
tzi·yah
a dry region
noun · absolute
אֶמֶשׁ
'e·mesh
yesterday of
noun · construct
שׁוֹאָה
sho·'ah
ruin
noun · absolute
וּמְשֹׁאָה
u·me·sho·'ah
and desolation
noun · absolute
Gaunt from poverty and hunger, they gnawed the dry land, and the desolate wasteland by night.
הַקֹּטְפִים
ha·ko·te·fim
those [who] pluck off
verb · qal · participle
מַלּוּחַ
ma·lu·ach
mallow
noun · absolute
עֲלֵי־
'a·lei-
on
preposition
שִׂיחַ
si·ach
bush[es]
noun · absolute
וְשֹׁרֶשׁ
ve·sho·resh
and [the] root of
noun · construct
רְתָמִים
re·ta·mim
broom plants
noun · absolute
לַחְמָם
lach·mam
[for] food their
noun · construct
They plucked mallow among the shrubs, and the roots of the broom tree were their food.
מִן־
min-
from
preposition
גֵּו
gev
[the] community
noun · absolute
יְגֹרָשׁוּ
ye·go·ra·shu
they are driven away
verb · pual · imperfect
יָרִיעוּ
ya·ri·'u
people shout
verb · hiphil · imperfect
עָלֵימוֹ
'a·lei·mov
on them
preposition
כַּגַּנָּב
ka·ga·nav
like (the) thief
noun · absolute
They were banished from among men, shouted at like thieves,
בַּעֲרוּץ
ba·'a·rutz
on [the] slope of
noun · construct
נְחָלִים
ne·cha·lim
wadis
noun · absolute
לִשְׁכֹּן
lish·kon
to dwell
verb · qal · infinitive
חֹרֵי
cho·rei
holes of
noun · construct
עָפָר
'a·far
[the] ground
noun · absolute
וְכֵפִים
ve·khe·fim
and rocks
noun · absolute
so that they lived on the slopes of the wadis, among the rocks and in holes in the ground.
בֵּין־
bein-
between
adjective · construct
שִׂיחִים
si·chim
bushes
noun · absolute
יִנְהָקוּ
yin·ha·ku
they bray
verb · qal · imperfect
תַּחַת
ta·chat
under
noun · construct
חָרוּל
cha·rul
nettle[s]
noun · absolute
יְסֻפָּחוּ
ye·su·pa·chu
they are joined together
verb · pual · imperfect
They cried out among the shrubs and huddled beneath the nettles.
בְּנֵי־
be·nei-
sons of
noun · construct
נָבָל
na·vol
a fool
adjective · absolute
גַּם־
gam-
also
adverb
בְּנֵי
be·nei
sons of
noun · construct
בְלִי־
ve·li-
not
noun · construct
שֵׁם
shem
a name
noun · absolute
נִכְּאוּ
ni·ke·'u
they have been scourged
verb · niphal · perfect
מִן־
min-
from
preposition
הָאָרֶץ
ha·'a·retz
the land
noun · absolute
A senseless and nameless brood, they were driven off the land.
וְעַתָּה
ve·'a·tah
and now
adverb
נְגִינָתָם
ne·gi·na·tam
taunt song their
noun · construct
הָיִיתִי
ha·yi·ti
I have become
verb · qal · perfect
וָאֱהִי
va·'e·hi
and I have become
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
לָהֶם
la·hem
for them
suffix
לְמִלָּה
le·mi·lah
(into) a word
noun · absolute
And now they mock me in song; I have become a byword among them.
תִּעֲבוּנִי
ti·'a·vu·ni
they abhor me
verb · piel · perfect
רָחֲקוּ
ra·cha·ku
they are distant
verb · qal · perfect
מֶנִּי
me·ni
from me
preposition
וּמִפָּנַי
u·mi·pa·nai
and from face my
noun · construct
לֹא־
lo'-
not
particle
חָשְׂכוּ
cha·se·khu
they have withheld
verb · qal · perfect
רֹק
rok
spittle
noun · absolute
They abhor me and keep far from me; they do not hesitate to spit in my face.
כִּי־
ki-
for
particle
יִתְרִי
yit·ri
string my
noun · construct
פִתַּח
fi·tach
he has loosened
verb · piel · perfect
וַיְעַנֵּנִי
vay·'a·ne·ni
and he has afflicted me
verb · piel · wayyiqtol
וְרֶסֶן
ve·re·sen
and [the] halter
noun · absolute
מִפָּנַי
mi·pa·nai
from before me
noun · construct
שִׁלֵּחוּ
shi·le·chu
they have sent away
verb · piel · perfect
Because God has unstrung my bow and afflicted me, they have cast off restraint in my presence.
עַל־
'al-
on
preposition
יָמִין
ya·min
[the] right [side]
noun · absolute
פִּרְחַח
pir·chach
a brood
noun · absolute
יָקוּמוּ
ya·ku·mu
they arise
verb · qal · imperfect
רַגְלַי
rag·lai
feet my
noun · construct
שִׁלֵּחוּ
shi·le·chu
they have sent away
verb · piel · perfect
וַיָּסֹלּוּ
vai·ya·so·lu
and they have piled up
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
עָלַי
'a·lai
on me
preposition
אָרְחוֹת
'a·re·chot
[the] paths of
noun · construct
אֵידָם
'ei·dam
disaster their
noun · construct
The rabble arises at my right; they lay snares for my feet and build siege ramps against me.
נָתְסוּ
na·te·su
they have torn down
verb · qal · perfect
נְתִיבָתִי
ne·ti·va·ti
pathway my
noun · construct
לְהַוָּתִי
le·ha·va·ti
to destruction my
noun · construct
יֹעִילוּ
yo·'i·lu
they benefit
verb · hiphil · imperfect
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
עֹזֵר
'o·zer
a helper
verb · qal · participle
לָמוֹ
la·mo
[belongs] to them
suffix
They tear up my path; they profit from my destruction, with no one to restrain them.
כְּפֶרֶץ
ke·fe·retz
like a breach
noun · absolute
רָחָב
ra·chav
wide
adjective · absolute
יֶאֱתָיוּ
ye·'e·ta·yu
they come
verb · qal · imperfect
תַּחַת
ta·chat
under
noun · construct
שֹׁאָה
sho·'ah
devastation
noun · absolute
הִתְגַּלְגָּלוּ
hit·gal·ga·lu
they have rolled themselves
verb · hithpael · perfect
They advance as through a wide breach; through the ruins they keep rolling in.
הָהְפַּךְ
ha·he·pakh
it has been turned
verb · hophal · perfect
עָלַי
'a·lai
on me
preposition
בַּלָּהוֹת
ba·la·hot
sudden terror(s)
noun · absolute
תִּרְדֹּף
tir·dof
it pursues
verb · qal · imperfect
כָּרוּחַ
ka·ru·ach
like the wind
noun · absolute
נְדִבָתִי
ne·di·va·ti
dignity my
noun · construct
וּכְעָב
u·khe·'av
and like a cloud
noun · absolute
עָבְרָה
'a·ve·rah
it has passed away
verb · qal · perfect
יְשֻׁעָתִי
ye·shu·'a·ti
prosperity my
noun · construct
Terrors are turned loose against me; they drive away my dignity as by the wind, and my prosperity has passed like a cloud.
וְעַתָּה
ve·'a·tah
and now
adverb
עָלַי
'a·lai
on me
preposition
תִּשְׁתַּפֵּךְ
tish·ta·pekh
it pours itself out
verb · hithpael · imperfect
נַפְשִׁי
naf·shi
life my
noun · construct
יֹאחֲזוּנִי
yo·cha·zu·ni
they seize me
verb · qal · imperfect
יְמֵי־
ye·mei-
days of
noun · construct
עֹנִי
'o·ni
affliction
noun · absolute
And now my soul is poured out within me; days of affliction grip me.
לַיְלָה
lay·lah
night
noun · absolute
עֲצָמַי
'a·tza·mai
bones my
noun · construct
נִקַּר
ni·kar
he has pierced
verb · piel · perfect
מֵעָלָי
me·'a·lai
from on (the) me
preposition
וְעֹרְקַי
ve·'o·re·kai
and gnawing [pains] my
verb · qal · participle
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
יִשְׁכָּבוּן
yish·ka·vun
they rest
verb · qal · imperfect
Night pierces my bones, and my gnawing pains never rest.
בְּרָב־
be·rov-
with greatness of
noun · construct
כֹּחַ
ko·ach
strength
noun · absolute
יִתְחַפֵּשׂ
yit·cha·pes
it disguises itself
verb · hithpael · imperfect
לְבוּשִׁי
le·vu·shi
clothing my
noun · construct
כְּפִי
ke·fi
like [the] mouth of
noun · construct
כֻתָּנְתִּי
khu·ta·ne·ti
tunic my
noun · construct
יַאַזְרֵנִי
ya·'az·re·ni
he girds about me
verb · qal · imperfect
With great force He grasps my garment; He seizes me by the collar of my tunic.
הֹרָנִי
ho·ra·ni
he has thrown me
verb · hiphil · perfect
לַחֹמֶר
la·cho·mer
to the mud
noun · absolute
וָאֶתְמַשֵּׁל
va·'et·ma·shel
and I have become like
verb · hithpael · wayyiqtol
כֶּעָפָר
ke·'a·far
like (the) dust
noun · absolute
וָאֵפֶר
va·'e·fer
and ash[es]
noun · absolute
He throws me into the mud, and I have become like dust and ashes.
אֲשַׁוַּע
'a·sha·va'
I cry for help
verb · piel · imperfect
אֵלֶיךָ
'e·lei·kha
to you
preposition
וְלֹא
ve·lo'
and not
particle
תַעֲנֵנִי
ta·'a·ne·ni
you answer me
verb · qal · imperfect
עָמַדְתִּי
'a·mad·ti
I have stood
verb · qal · perfect
וַתִּתְבֹּנֶן
va·tit·bo·nen
and you have considered carefully
verb · hithpael · wayyiqtol
בִּי
bi
(in) me
suffix
I cry out to You for help, but You do not answer; when I stand up, You merely look at me.
תֵּהָפֵךְ
te·ha·fekh
you change yourself
verb · niphal · imperfect
לְאַכְזָר
le·'akh·zar
into [one] cruel
adjective · absolute
לִי
li
to me
suffix
בְּעֹצֶם
be·'o·tzem
with [the] might of
noun · construct
יָדְךָ
ya·de·kha
hand your
noun · construct
תִשְׂטְמֵנִי
tis·te·me·ni
you are hostile to me
verb · qal · imperfect
You have ruthlessly turned on me; You oppose me with Your strong hand.
תִּשָּׂאֵנִי
ti·sa·'e·ni
you lift up me
verb · qal · imperfect
אֶל־
'el-
to
preposition
רוּחַ
ru·ach
[the] wind
noun · absolute
תַּרְכִּיבֵנִי
tar·ki·ve·ni
you make ride me
verb · hiphil · imperfect
וּתְמֹגְגֵנִי
u·te·mo·ge·ge·ni
and you dissolve me
verb · piel · and + imperfect
תּוּשִׁיָּה
te·shu·veh
success
noun · absolute
You snatch me up into the wind and drive me before it; You toss me about in the storm.
כִּי־
ki-
for
particle
יָדַעְתִּי
ya·da'·ti
I know
verb · qal · perfect
מָוֶת
ma·vet
death
noun · absolute
תְּשִׁיבֵנִי
te·shi·ve·ni
you will bring me
verb · hiphil · imperfect
וּבֵית
u·veit
and a house of
noun · construct
מוֹעֵד
mo·'ed
appointed meeting
noun · absolute
לְכָל־
le·khol
for every
noun · absolute
חָי
chai
living [thing]
adjective · absolute
Yes, I know that You will bring me down to death, to the place appointed for all the living.
אַךְ
'akh
surely
adverb
לֹא־
lo'-
not
particle
בְעִי
ve·'i
on a heap of ruins
noun · absolute
יִשְׁלַח־
yish·lach-
anyone stretches out
verb · qal · imperfect
יָד
yad
a hand
noun · absolute
אִם־
'im-
or
particle
בְּפִידוֹ
be·fi·do
in disaster his
noun · construct
לָהֶן
la·hen
to them
suffix
שׁוּעַ
shu·a'
a cry for help
noun · absolute
Yet no one stretches out his hand against a ruined man when he cries for help in his distress.
אִם־
'im-
(if)
particle
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
בָכִיתִי
va·khi·ti
did I weep
verb · qal · perfect
לִקְשֵׁה־
lik·sheh-
for [the] hard of
adjective · construct
יוֹם
yom
day
noun · absolute
עָגְמָה
'a·ge·mah
was it grieved
verb · qal · perfect
נַפְשִׁי
naf·shi
self my
noun · construct
לָאֶבְיוֹן
la·'ev·yon
for the needy [person]
adjective · absolute
Have I not wept for those in trouble? Has my soul not grieved for the needy?
כִּי
ki
if
particle
טוֹב
tov
good
adjective · absolute
קִוִּיתִי
ki·vi·ti
I waited for
verb · piel · perfect
וַיָּבֹא
vai·ya·vo'
and it came
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
רָע
ra'
evil
adjective · absolute
וַאֲיַחֲלָה
va·'a·ya·cha·lah
and I waited
verb · piel · imperfect
לְאוֹר
le·'or
for light
noun · absolute
וַיָּבֹא
vai·ya·vo'
and it came
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
אֹפֶל
'o·fel
darkness
noun · absolute
But when I hoped for good, evil came; when I looked for light, darkness fell.
מֵעַי
me·'ai
inward parts my
noun · construct
רֻתְּחוּ
ru·te·chu
they have been made to boil
verb · pual · perfect
וְלֹא־
ve·lo'-
and not
particle
דָמּוּ
da·mu
they have been still
verb · qal · perfect
קִדְּמֻנִי
ki·de·mu·ni
they have confronted me
verb · piel · perfect
יְמֵי־
ye·mei-
days of
noun · construct
עֹנִי
'o·ni
affliction
noun · absolute
I am churning within and cannot rest; days of affliction confront me.
קֹדֵר
ko·der
being dark
verb · qal · participle
הִלַּכְתִּי
hi·lakh·ti
I have gone about
verb · piel · perfect
בְּלֹא
be·lo'
with not
particle
חַמָּה
cha·mah
sun
noun · absolute
קַמְתִּי
kam·ti
I have stood
verb · qal · perfect
בַקָּהָל
va·ka·hal
in the assembly
noun · absolute
אֲשַׁוֵּעַ
'a·sha·ve·a'
I cry out for help
verb · piel · imperfect
I go about blackened, but not by the sun. I stand up in the assembly and cry for help.
אָח
'ach
a brother
noun · absolute
הָיִיתִי
ha·yi·ti
I have become
verb · qal · perfect
לְתַנִּים
le·ta·nim
of jackals
noun · absolute
וְרֵעַ
ve·re·a'
and a companion
noun · absolute
לִבְנוֹת
liv·not
of daughters of
noun · construct
יַעֲנָה
ya·'a·nah
an ostrich
noun · absolute
I have become a brother of jackals, a companion of ostriches.
עוֹרִי
o·ri
skin my
noun · construct
שָׁחַר
sha·char
it has become black
verb · qal · perfect
מֵעָלָי
me·'a·lai
from on (the) me
preposition
וְעַצְמִי־
ve·'atz·mi-
and bone my
noun · construct
חָרָה
cha·rah
it has burned
verb · qal · perfect
מִנִּי־
mi·ni-
from
preposition
חֹרֶב
cho·rev
heat
noun · absolute
My skin grows black and peels, and my bones burn with fever.
וַיְהִי
vay·hi
and it has become
verb · qal · wayyiqtol
לְאֵבֶל
le·'e·vel
(into) mourning
noun · absolute
כִּנֹּרִי
ki·no·ri
harp my
noun · construct
וְעֻגָבִי
ve·'u·ga·vi
and flute my
noun · construct
לְקוֹל
le·kol
(into) [the] sound of
noun · construct
בֹּכִים
bo·khim
weepers
verb · qal · participle
My harp is tuned to mourning and my flute to the sound of weeping.’’
Job 29
Job 31
Grammar, simply: what the labels mean · Look up a word
English: Berean Standard Bible (public domain). Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Grammar from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Sentence structure and references from MACULA Greek and Hebrew (Biblica / Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meaning groups from the UBS MARBLE Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Greek, based on Louw & Nida. Words marked with a dotted line are found in only some manuscripts.