Hebrew, word by word · read right to left
Words
Sentence flow
Say it
Grammar
Colours
English
Each line is one clause. Indented lines depend on the line above them: “that…”, “so that…”, “who…”.
Tap any word to see what it means, its grammar in plain English and who it refers to.
אַל־
'al-
may not
particle
תִּתְהַלֵּל
tit·ha·lel
you boast
verb · hithpael · imperfect
בְּיוֹם
be·yom
in a day
noun · absolute
מָחָר
ma·char
tomorrow
noun · absolute
כִּי
ki
for
particle
לֹא־
lo'-
not
particle
תֵדַע
te·da'
you know
verb · qal · imperfect
מַה־
mah-
what
pronoun
יֵּלֶד
ye·led
will it bring forth
verb · qal · imperfect
יוֹם
yom
a day
noun · absolute
Do not boast about tomorrow, for you do not know what a day may bring.
יְהַלֶּלְךָ
ye·ha·lel·kha
may he praise you
verb · piel · imperfect
זָר
zar
a stranger
adjective · absolute
וְלֹא־
ve·lo'-
and not
particle
פִיךָ
fi·kha
own mouth your
noun · construct
נָכְרִי
na·khe·ri
a foreigner
adjective · absolute
וְאַל־
ve·'al-
and may not
particle
שְׂפָתֶיךָ
se·fa·tei·kha
own lips your
noun · construct
Let another praise you, and not your own mouth— a stranger, and not your own lips.
כֹּבֶד־
koed-
[the] heaviness of
noun · construct
אֶבֶן
'e·ven
a stone
noun · absolute
וְנֵטֶל
ve·ne·tel
and [the] weight of
noun · construct
הַחוֹל
ha·chol
(the) sand
noun · absolute
וְכַעַס
ve·kha·'as
and [the] provocation of
noun · construct
אֱוִיל
'e·vil
a fool
adjective · absolute
כָּבֵד
ka·ved
[is] heavy
adjective · absolute
מִשְּׁנֵיהֶם
mi·she·nei·hem
more than both of them
adjective · construct
A stone is heavy and sand is a burden, but aggravation from a fool outweighs them both.
אַכְזְרִיּוּת
'akh·ze·ri·yut
[the] cruelty of
noun · construct
חֵמָה
che·mah
rage
noun · absolute
וְשֶׁטֶף
ve·she·tef
and [the] flood of
noun · construct
אָף
'af
anger
noun · absolute
וּמִי
u·mi
and who
pronoun
יַעֲמֹד
ya·'a·mod
will he stand
verb · qal · imperfect
לִפְנֵי
lif·nei
(to) before
noun · construct
קִנְאָה
kin·'ah
jealousy
noun · absolute
Wrath is cruel and anger is like a flood, but who can withstand jealousy?
טוֹבָה
toah
[is] good
adjective · absolute
תּוֹכַחַת
to·kha·chat
rebuke
noun · absolute
מְגֻלָּה
me·gu·lah
uncovered
verb · pual · participle
מֵאַהֲבָה
me·'a·ha·vah
more than love
noun · absolute
מְסֻתָּרֶת
me·su·ta·ret
hidden
verb · pual · participle
Better an open rebuke than love that is concealed.
נֶאֱמָנִים
ne·'e·ma·nim
[are] reliable
verb · niphal · participle
פִּצְעֵי
pitz·'ei
[the] wounds of
noun · construct
אוֹהֵב
'o·hev
[one who] loves
verb · qal · participle
וְנַעְתָּרוֹת
ve·na'·ta·rot
and [are] abundant
verb · niphal · participle
נְשִׁיקוֹת
ne·shi·kot
[the] kisses of
noun · construct
שׂוֹנֵא
so·ne'
[one who] hates
verb · qal · participle
The wounds of a friend are faithful, but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful.
נֶפֶשׁ
ne·fesh
an appetite
noun · absolute
שְׂבֵעָה
se·ve·'ah
satisfied
adjective · absolute
תָּבוּס
ta·vus
it treads down
verb · qal · imperfect
נֹפֶת
no·fet
honey
noun · absolute
וְנֶפֶשׁ
ve·ne·fesh
and an appetite
noun · absolute
רְעֵבָה
re·'e·vah
hungry
adjective · absolute
כָּל־
kol-
every
noun · absolute
מַר
mar
bitter [thing]
adjective · absolute
מָתוֹק
ma·tok
[is] sweet
adjective · absolute
The soul that is full loathes honey, but to a hungry soul, any bitter thing is sweet.
כְּצִפּוֹר
ke·tzi·por
like a bird
noun · absolute
נוֹדֶדֶת
no·de·det
[which] wanders
verb · qal · participle
מִן־
min-
from
preposition
קִנָּהּ
ki·nah
nest its
noun · construct
כֵּן־
ken-
so
adverb
אִישׁ
'ish
a person
noun · absolute
נוֹדֵד
no·ded
[who] wanders
verb · qal · participle
מִמְּקוֹמוֹ
mi·me·ko·mo
from own place his
noun · construct
Like a bird that strays from its nest is a man who wanders from his home.
שֶׁמֶן
she·men
oil
noun · absolute
וּקְטֹרֶת
u·ke·to·ret
and perfume
noun · absolute
יְשַׂמַּח־
ye·sa·mach-
it makes glad
verb · piel · imperfect
לֵב
lev
a heart
noun · absolute
וּמֶתֶק
u·me·tek
and [the] sweetness of
adjective · construct
רֵעֵהוּ
re·'e·hu
friend his
noun · construct
מֵעֲצַת־
me·'a·tzat-
more than [the] counsel of
noun · construct
נָפֶשׁ
na·fesh
a person
noun · absolute
Oil and incense bring joy to the heart, and the counsel of a friend is sweetness to the soul.
רֵעֲךָ
re·'a·kha
friend your
noun · construct
וְרֵעַ
ve·re·'eh
and [the] neighbor of
noun · construct
אָבִיךָ
'a·vi·kha
father your
noun · construct
אַל־
'al-
may not
particle
תַּעֲזֹב
ta·'a·zo
you forsake
verb · qal · imperfect
וּבֵית
u·veit
and [the] house of
noun · construct
אָחִיךָ
'a·chi·kha
brother your
noun · construct
אַל־
'al-
may not
particle
תָּבוֹא
ta·vo'
you go
verb · qal · imperfect
בְּיוֹם
be·yom
on [the] day of
noun · construct
אֵידֶךָ
'ei·de·kha
calamity your
noun · construct
טוֹב
tov
[is] good
adjective · absolute
שָׁכֵן
sha·khen
a neighbor
noun · absolute
קָרוֹב
ka·rov
near
adjective · absolute
מֵאָח
me·'ach
more than a brother
noun · absolute
רָחוֹק
ra·chok
far away
adjective · absolute
Do not forsake your friend or your father’s friend, and do not go to your brother’s house in the day of your calamity; better a neighbor nearby than a brother far away.
חֲכַם
cha·kham
be wise
verb · qal · imperative
בְּנִי
be·ni
O son my
noun · construct
וְשַׂמַּח
ve·sa·mach
and make glad
verb · piel · imperative
לִבִּי
li·bi
heart my
noun · construct
וְאָשִׁיבָה
ve·'a·shi·vah
so let me bring back
verb · hiphil · imperfect
חֹרְפִי
cho·re·fi
[one who] taunts me
verb · qal · participle
דָבָר
da·var
a word
noun · absolute
Be wise, my son, and bring joy to my heart, so that I can answer him who taunts me.
עָרוּם
'a·rum
a sensible [person]
adjective · absolute
רָאָה
ra·'ah
he sees
verb · qal · perfect
רָעָה
ra·'ah
evil
noun · absolute
נִסְתָּר
nis·tar
he hides himself
verb · niphal · perfect
פְּתָאיִם
pe·ta·yim
naive people
noun · absolute
עָבְרוּ
'a·ve·ru
they pass on
verb · qal · perfect
נֶעֱנָשׁוּ
ne·'e·na·shu
they are punished
verb · niphal · perfect
The prudent see danger and take cover, but the simple keep going and pay the penalty.
קַח־
kach-
take
verb · qal · imperative
בִּגְדוֹ
big·do
garment his
noun · construct
כִּי־
ki-
for
particle
עָרַב
'a·rav
he stands surety for
verb · qal · perfect
זָר
zar
a stranger
adjective · absolute
וּבְעַד
u·ve·'ad
and for
adjective · construct
נָכְרִיָּה
na·khe·ri·yah
a foreign [woman]
adjective · absolute
חַבְלֵהוּ
chav·le·hu
hold in pledge it
verb · qal · imperative
Take the garment of him who posts security for a stranger; get collateral if it is for a foreigner.
מְבָרֵךְ
me·va·rekh
[one who] blesses
verb · piel · participle
רֵעֵהוּ
re·'e·hu
neighbor his
noun · construct
בְּקוֹל
be·kol
with a voice
noun · absolute
גָּדוֹל
ga·dol
great
adjective · absolute
בַּבֹּקֶר
ba·bo·ker
in the morning
noun · absolute
הַשְׁכֵּים
hash·keim
rising early
verb · hiphil · infinitive
קְלָלָה
ke·la·lah
a curse
noun · absolute
תֵּחָשֶׁב
te·cha·shev
it is reckoned
verb · niphal · imperfect
לוֹ
lo
to him
suffix
If one blesses his neighbor with a loud voice early in the morning, it will be counted to him as a curse.
דֶּלֶף
de·lef
a dripping
noun · absolute
טוֹרֵד
to·red
continuous
verb · qal · participle
בְּיוֹם
be·yom
on a day of
noun · construct
סַגְרִיר
sag·rir
persistent rain
noun · absolute
וְאֵשֶׁת
ve·'e·shet
and a wife of
noun · construct
מִדְיָנִים
mi·do·nim
contentions
noun · absolute
נִשְׁתָּוָה
nish·ta·vah
she is like
verb · nithpael · perfect
A constant dripping on a rainy day and a contentious woman are alike —
צֹפְנֶיהָ
tzo·fe·nei·ha
[those who] hide her
verb · qal · participle
צָפַן־
tza·fan-
he hides
verb · qal · perfect
רוּחַ
ru·ach
[the] wind
noun · absolute
וְשֶׁמֶן
ve·she·men
and oil
noun · construct
יְמִינוֹ
ye·mi·no
right [hand] his
noun · construct
יִקְרָא
yik·ra'
it meets
verb · qal · imperfect
restraining her is like holding back the wind or grasping oil with one’s right hand.
בַּרְזֶל
bar·zel
iron
noun · absolute
בְּבַרְזֶל
be·var·zel
by iron
noun · absolute
יָחַד
ya·chad
it grows sharp
verb · hiphil · imperfect
וְאִישׁ
ve·'ish
and each
noun · absolute
יַחַד
ya·chad
he sharpens
verb · hiphil · imperfect
פְּנֵי־
pe·nei-
[the] face of
noun · construct
רֵעֵהוּ
re·'e·hu
neighbor his
noun · construct
As iron sharpens iron, so one man sharpens another.
נֹצֵר
no·tzer
[one who] keeps
verb · qal · participle
תְּאֵנָה
te·'e·nah
a fig tree
noun · absolute
יֹאכַל
yo·khal
he will eat
verb · qal · imperfect
פִּרְיָהּ
pir·yah
fruit its
noun · construct
וְשֹׁמֵר
ve·sho·mer
and [one who] protects
verb · qal · participle
אֲדֹנָיו
'a·do·nav
master(s) his
noun · construct
יְכֻבָּד
ye·khu·bad
he will be honored
verb · pual · imperfect
Whoever tends a fig tree will eat its fruit, and he who looks after his master will be honored.
כַּמַּיִם
ka·ma·yim
like (the) water
noun · absolute
הַפָּנִים
ha·pa·nim
the face
noun · absolute
לַפָּנִים
la·pa·nim
to the face
noun · absolute
כֵּן
ken
so
adverb
לֵב־
lev-
[the] heart of
noun · construct
הָאָדָם
ha·'a·dam
the person
noun · absolute
לָאָדָם
la·'a·dam
to the person
noun · absolute
As water reflects the face, so the heart reflects the true man.
שְׁאוֹל
she·'ol
Sheol
noun · absolute
וַאֲבַדּוֹ
va·'a·va·doh
and destruction its
noun · construct
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
תִשְׂבַּעְנָה
tis·ba'·nah
they are satisfied
verb · qal · imperfect
וְעֵינֵי
ve·'ei·nei
and [the] eyes of
noun · construct
הָאָדָם
ha·'a·dam
(the) person
noun · absolute
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
תִשְׂבַּעְנָה
tis·ba'·nah
they are satisfied
verb · qal · imperfect
Sheol and Abaddon are never satisfied; so the eyes of man are never satisfied.
מַצְרֵף
matz·ref
a crucible
noun · absolute
לַכֶּסֶף
la·ke·sef
for (the) silver
noun · absolute
וְכוּר
ve·khur
and a smelting furnace
noun · absolute
לַזָּהָב
la·za·hav
for (the) gold
noun · absolute
וְאִישׁ
ve·'ish
and a person
noun · absolute
לְפִי
le·fi
to [the] mouth of
noun · construct
מַהֲלָלוֹ
ma·ha·la·lo
praise his
noun · construct
A crucible for silver and a furnace for gold, but a man is tested by the praise accorded him.
אִם
'im
if
particle
תִּכְתּוֹשׁ־
tikh·to·osh-
you will pound
verb · qal · imperfect
אֶת־
'et-
(marks the object)
object indicator
הָאֱוִיל
ha·'e·vil
the fool
adjective · absolute
בַּמַּכְתֵּשׁ
ba·makh·tesh
in (the) mortar
noun · absolute
בְּתוֹךְ
be·tokh
in among
noun · construct
הָרִיפוֹת
ha·ri·fot
the grain(s)
noun · absolute
בַּעֱלִי
ba·'e·li
with the pestle
noun · absolute
לֹא־
lo'-
not
particle
תָסוּר
ta·sur
it will depart
verb · qal · imperfect
מֵעָלָיו
me·'a·lav
from with (the) him
preposition
אִוַּלְתּוֹ פ
'i·val·to
foolishness his
noun · construct
Though you grind a fool like grain with mortar and a pestle, yet his folly will not depart from him.
יָדֹעַ
ya·do·a'
certainly (to know)
verb · qal · infinitive
תֵּדַע
te·da'
you will know
verb · qal · imperfect
פְּנֵי
pe·nei
[the] face of
noun · construct
צֹאנֶךָ
tzo·ne·kha
flock your
noun · construct
שִׁית
shit
set
verb · qal · imperative
לִבְּךָ
li·be·kha
heart your
noun · construct
לַעֲדָרִים
la·'a·da·rim
to [the] herds
noun · absolute
Be sure to know the state of your flocks, and pay close attention to your herds;
כִּי
ki
for
particle
לֹא
lo'
not
particle
לְעוֹלָם
le·'o·lam
[is] for ever
noun · absolute
חֹסֶן
cho·sen
wealth
noun · absolute
וְאִם־
ve·'im-
and if
particle
נֵזֶר
ne·zer
a crown
noun · absolute
לְדוֹר
le·dor
to a generation
noun · absolute
וָדוֹר
ve·dor
and a generation
noun · absolute
for riches are not forever, nor does a crown endure to every generation.
גָּלָה
ga·lah
it disappears
verb · qal · perfect
חָצִיר
cha·tzir
grass
noun · absolute
וְנִרְאָה־
ve·nir·'ah-
and it appears
verb · niphal · weqatal
דֶשֶׁא
de·she'
grass
noun · absolute
וְנֶאֶסְפוּ
ve·ne·'es·fu
and they are gathered
verb · niphal · weqatal
עִשְּׂבוֹת
i·se·vot
[the] vegetation(s) of
noun · construct
הָרִים
ha·rim
[the] mountains
noun · absolute
When hay is removed and new growth appears and the grass from the hills is gathered,
כְּבָשִׂים
ke·va·sim
lambs
noun · absolute
לִלְבוּשֶׁךָ
lil·vu·she·kha
[are] for clothing your
noun · construct
וּמְחִיר
u·me·chir
and [the] price of
noun · construct
שָׂדֶה
sa·deh
a field
noun · absolute
עַתּוּדִים
'a·tu·dim
goats
noun · absolute
the lambs will provide you with clothing, and the goats with the price of a field.
וְדֵי
ve·dei
and a sufficiency of
noun · construct
חֲלֵב
cha·lev
[the] milk of
noun · construct
עִזִּים
'i·zim
goats
noun · absolute
לְלַחְמְךָ
le·lach·me·kha
for food your
noun · construct
לְלֶחֶם
le·le·chem
for [the] food of
noun · construct
בֵּיתֶךָ
bei·te·kha
household your
noun · construct
וְחַיִּים
ve·chai·yim
and life
noun · absolute
לְנַעֲרוֹתֶיךָ
le·na·'a·ro·tei·kha
of maids your
noun · construct
You will have plenty of goats’ milk to feed you— food for your household and nourishment for your maidservants.
Proverbs 26
Proverbs 28
Grammar, simply: what the labels mean · Look up a word
English: Berean Standard Bible (public domain). Hebrew and Greek data from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0. Grammar from STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Sentence structure and references from MACULA Greek and Hebrew (Biblica / Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meaning groups from the UBS MARBLE Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Greek, based on Louw & Nida. Words marked with a dotted line are found in only some manuscripts.