Study notes

Isaiah 65

Introducing IsaiahWho wrote it, when, why, and what to look for as you read

54:1–66:24 Section

The last chapters in Isaiah described what would happen to people who did things God hated. God hated it when his people only acted as if they worshipped and obeyed him. But what they actually did was commit murder. They told lies and treated needy people badly. God hated it when people made evil plans and worshipped false gods. God longed for his people to stop sinning and to obey him. God described his longing like holding out his hands to welcome a stubborn nation.

God promised to bring judgement against his people for their sins. They would suffer and would be put to shame. He also invited them to change so that they could live. He described this like buying food and drink from him at a market. But God gave the food and drink for free. That showed how deeply God wanted them to turn back to him and be forgiven.

The last chapters in Isaiah also described what would happen to people who obeyed God. People who obeyed were humble, trusted God and wanted to be taught by him. They would be blessed and would be welcome in God’s house. That was another name for the temple. God promised to live with anyone who turns away from their sins. This promise applied to people from Jacob’s family line, to outsiders and to people from all nations. They would possess God’s holy mountain of Zion. This meant that they could live in the land where God ruled as King.

God described the light and brightness and new day of Jerusalem. He was talking about something more than the time when people returned to Jerusalem from Babylon. God described a completely new work that he would do. He would create new heavens and a new earth. In the new heavens and new earth, everyone would honour God. This was described as people from all over the world coming to Jerusalem. They would worship God there. This Jerusalem that God described would be full of joy. There would be no more crying. No one would cause harm or destroy anything or anyone. Everyone would do what was right and fair. God would do this new work when it was the right time.

Many years later Jesus said that God was starting that new work through him. Jesus used the words of Isaiah 61:1–2 to describe the work he was doing on earth (Luke 4:14–21). In Revelation, John also described the new heavens and new earth. The city where God ruled for ever as King was called the new Jerusalem (Revelation 21:1–5).

65:1–2

The Lord gave the people of Israel many chances to seek him (Isaiah 55:6; 58:2), but they did not do so.

65:3

Sacred gardens were a part of the fertility religion of Baal.

65:5

do not come near me, for I am holier than you!: The people of Israel used the words of ritual purification found in the law of Moses. They spoke as if they were clean and obedient to God.

But they also practiced worship influenced by pagan religions. Their actions did not match their words.

Because of this hypocrisy, God was deeply displeased. The text says they were like a bad smell in his nostrils. This image shows how offensive their behavior was to him (see Isaiah 1:10–15).

65:6

  • Behold, it is written before Me: God is fully committed to carrying out his plan.

  • The godly asked if the Lord would remain silent forever (Isaiah 64:12). God answered that he would not stay silent. He would address the wicked before restoring the righteous remnant.

65:8–16

The Lord planned to spare and reward a remnant of righteous people.

65:10

Sharon was a fertile and beautiful marshy region southwest of Mount Carmel (see Isaiah 33:9). The valley of Achor in the vicinity of Jericho was associated with the curse on Achan (Joshua 7:24–26). It would become a place of blessing (Hosea 2:15). These western and eastern regions might represent the renewal of the whole land.

65:11

Fortune and Destiny are names of pagan gods (Gad, Meni) believed to bring good luck and decide a person's future.

65:13–15

The difference between the wicked and God's servants affects all parts of life. God punishes the wicked but blesses those who truly serve him (see Isaiah 65:17–25).

65:15

The new name given to the faithful symbolizes a new identity and a closer relationship with the Lord (see also Isaiah 62:2).

Verse notes: Adapted by Mission Mutual (Aquifer Open Study Notes) from Tyndale Open Study Notes © 2023 Tyndale House Publishers. CC BY-SA 4.0. Section notes: Biblica Study Notes © 2023 Biblica, Inc. CC BY-SA 4.0, via BibleAquifer. About the sources